{"id":81232,"date":"2024-10-28T20:43:22","date_gmt":"2024-10-28T20:43:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/faq\/"},"modified":"2026-01-20T19:20:37","modified_gmt":"2026-01-20T19:20:37","slug":"faq","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/pl\/produkty\/systemy-wielopoziomowe\/403-cmt-systemy-wielopoziomowe\/faq\/","title":{"rendered":"FAQ"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; admin_label=&#8221;H1 and breadcrumbs&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; background_color=&#8221;#FFFFFF&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;9px||0px||false|false&#8221; sticky_position=&#8221;top&#8221; sticky_limit_bottom=&#8221;body&#8221; background_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; sticky_position_tablet=&#8221;none&#8221; sticky_position_phone=&#8221;none&#8221; sticky_position_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; background_color=&#8221;#FFFFFF&#8221; width=&#8221;90%&#8221; max_width=&#8221;1600px&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;12px||0px||false|false&#8221; sticky_position=&#8221;top&#8221; sticky_limit_bottom=&#8221;body&#8221; sticky_position_tablet=&#8221;none&#8221; sticky_position_phone=&#8221;none&#8221; sticky_position_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.25.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; header_font=&#8221;|700|||||||&#8221; header_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||5px|||&#8221; header_text_align_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; header_text_align_phone=&#8221;&#8221; header_text_align_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; header_font_size_tablet=&#8221;22px&#8221; header_font_size_phone=&#8221;20px&#8221; header_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h1 role=\"heading\" aria-level=\"1\" data-uw-rm-heading=\"level\">System wielopoziomowy CMT FAQ: Cz\u0119sto zadawane pytania<\/h1>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][dsm_breadcrumbs disabled_on=&#8221;on|off|off&#8221; admin_label=&#8221;breadcrumbs below landing pages with mobile view off&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; home_icon_text_color=&#8221;#d6d6d6&#8243; global_module=&#8221;4283&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/dsm_breadcrumbs][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; admin_label=&#8221;Mobile-Only Nav with Offset&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;4759a92f-4b27-4854-bb2c-299854634e93&#8243; display_conditions=&#8221;W10=&#8221; sticky_offset_top=&#8221;127px&#8221; global_module=&#8221;2935&#8243; saved_tabs=&#8221;all&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; width=&#8221;90%&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;0px||0px||true|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||0px||true|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_code admin_label=&#8221;403 Nawigacja mobilna &#8211; rozwijane menu wyboru&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_css_free_form=&#8221;select {||||      font-size: 1em; \/* Adjust font size *\/||      padding: 10px;   \/* Optional: Increase padding for better spacing *\/||      width: 100%;||      box-sizing: border-box;\/* Optional: Adjust width to fit the container *\/||      height: 50px;||}||||    \/* Style for dropdown options (fallback if needed) *\/||select option {||      font-size: 1.2em; \/* Ensures option text matches select styling *\/||      width: 100%;||    }&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<select name=\"dropdown\" onchange=\"location = this.value;\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"\">403 Menu system\u00f3w wielopoziomowych CMT<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/\">403 Strona g\u0142\u00f3wna CMT Multilevel Systems<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/products\/multilevel-systems-and-remediation\/403-cmt-multilevel-system\/get-quote.php\">Wycena<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/Forms\/sol.php\">Wy\u015blij mi informacje<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/why-multilevels\/\">Dlaczego wielopoziomowo\u015b\u0107?<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/why-multilevels\/what-is-a-multilevel-system\/\">Czym jest system wielopoziomowy?<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/products\/multilevel-systems-and-remediation\/why-multilevels\/flash-demo.php\">Technologia wielopoziomowa (demonstracja wideo)<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/why-multilevels\/multilevel-system-comparison\/\">Por\u00f3wnanie system\u00f3w wielopoziomowych<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/datasheet\/\">Arkusz danych<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/datasheet\/applications-advantages-of-cmt-multilevel-systems\/\">-Zastosowania i zalety CMT<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/datasheet\/multichannel-tubing\/\">-Rurki wielokana\u0142owe<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/datasheet\/seals-and-sand-packs\/\">-Uszczelki i woreczki z piaskiem<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/datasheet\/multilevel-monitoring-is-essential\/\">-Wielopoziomowo\u015b\u0107 jest niezb\u0119dna<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/datasheet\/cmt-monitoring-options\/\">-Opcje monitorowania<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/datasheet\/cmt-field-applications\/\">-Aplikacje terenowe<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/datasheet\/cmt-contractors-training-program\/\">-Programy szkoleniowe<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/products\/multilevel-systems-and-remediation\/403-cmt-multilevel-system\/operating-instructions\/\">Instrukcje<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/cmt-multilevel-system-assembly-manual\/\">-Instrukcja monta\u017cu systemu wielopoziomowego CMT<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/cmt-multilevel-system-assembly-manual\/pre-installation-requirements\/\">&#8211;Wymagania przedinstalacyjne<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/cmt-multilevel-system-assembly-manual\/introduction\/\">&#8211;Wprowadzenie<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/cmt-multilevel-system-assembly-manual\/preparing-for-cmt-installation\/\">&#8211;Przygotowanie<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/cmt-multilevel-system-assembly-manual\/assembling-standard-cmt-systems\/\">&#8211;Monta\u017c standardowych system\u00f3w CMT<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/cmt-multilevel-system-assembly-manual\/marking-and-cutting-cmt-tubing\/\">&#8211;Oznaczanie i ci\u0119cie rur<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/cmt-multilevel-system-assembly-manual\/403-manual-cutting-outer-ports-and-vent-holes\/\">&#8211;Wycinanie port\u00f3w zewn\u0119trznych i otwor\u00f3w wentylacyjnych<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/cmt-multilevel-system-assembly-manual\/configuring-tubing-bottom\/\">&#8211;Konfiguracja dna rurki<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/cmt-multilevel-system-assembly-manual\/attaching-cmt-tubing-centralizers\/\">&#8211;Mocowanie centralizator\u00f3w rur<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/cmt-multilevel-system-assembly-manual\/cmt-multilevel-system-placement\/\">&#8211;CMT Placement<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/cmt-multilevel-system-assembly-manual\/attaching-cmt-standard-wellhead\/\">&#8211;Mocowanie standardowej g\u0142owicy<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/cmt-multilevel-system-assembly-manual\/optional-cmt-multi-purge-manifold-assembly\/\">&#8211;Opcjonalny zesp\u00f3\u0142 kolektora Mult-Purge<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/cmt-multilevel-system-assembly-manual\/monitoring-options\/\">&#8211;Opcje monitorowania<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/cmt-multilevel-system-assembly-manual\/cmt-specifications\/\">&#8211;Specyfikacje i rozwa\u017cania dotycz\u0105ce CMT<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/cmt-multilevel-system-assembly-manual\/intallationterms-and-conditions\/\">&#8211;Regulamin<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/cmt-multilevel-system-assembly-manual\/table-of-contents\/\">&#8211;Spis tre\u015bci<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->\t<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/403n-narrow-cmt-assembly-manual\/\">-Instrukcja monta\u017cu systemu wielopoziomowego CMT<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/403n-narrow-cmt-assembly-manual\/pre-installation-requirements\/\">&#8211;Wymagania przedinstalacyjne<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/403n-narrow-cmt-assembly-manual\/introduction\/\">&#8211;Wprowadzenie<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/403n-narrow-cmt-assembly-manual\/preparation\/\">&#8211;Przygotowanie<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/403n-narrow-cmt-assembly-manual\/assembling-standard-403n-narrow-cmt-systems\/\">&#8211;Monta\u017c standardowych system\u00f3w wielopoziomowych CMT<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/403n-narrow-cmt-assembly-manual\/marking-narrow-cmt-tubing\/\">&#8211;Oznaczanie rurek CMT<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/403n-narrow-cmt-assembly-manual\/cutting-ports-and-vent-holes\/\">&#8211;Wycinanie port\u00f3w i otwor\u00f3w wentylacyjnych<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/403n-narrow-cmt-assembly-manual\/configuring-the-bottom-of-narrow-cmt-tubing\/\">&#8211;Konfiguracja dolnej cz\u0119\u015bci rurki CMT<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/403n-narrow-cmt-assembly-manual\/narrow-cmt-placement\/\">&#8211;W\u0105skie rozmieszczenie CMT<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/403n-narrow-cmt-assembly-manual\/attaching-standard-wellhead\/\">&#8211;Mocowanie standardowej g\u0142owicy odwiertu<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/403n-narrow-cmt-assembly-manual\/optional-flow-control-monitoring-assembly\/\">&#8211;Opcjonalny zesp\u00f3\u0142 monitorowania kontroli przep\u0142ywu<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/403n-narrow-cmt-assembly-manual\/optional-multi-purge-manifold-assembly\/\">&#8211;Opcjonalny zesp\u00f3\u0142 kolektora Multi-Purge<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"CMT Installation with Sand and Bentonite Cartridges\">&#8211;Instalacja CMT z wk\u0142adami piaskowymi i bentonitowymi<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/403n-narrow-cmt-assembly-manual\/cmt-installation-design-example\/\">&#8211;Przyk\u0142ad projektu instalacji<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/403n-narrow-cmt-assembly-manual\/preparing-sand-and-bentonite-cartridges\/\">&#8211;Przygotowanie wk\u0142adu z piaskiem i bentonitem<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/403n-narrow-cmt-assembly-manual\/sand-bentonite-cartridge-installation\/\">&#8211;Instalacja wk\u0142adu z piaskiem i bentonitem<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/403n-narrow-cmt-assembly-manual\/narrow-cut-port-assembly\/\">&#8211;Zesp\u00f3\u0142 w\u0105skiego portu CMT<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/403n-narrow-cmt-assembly-manual\/installing-narrow-cmt-sand-cartridges\/\">&#8211;Instalacja w\u0105skich wk\u0142ad\u00f3w piaskowych CMT<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/403n-narrow-cmt-assembly-manual\/installing-spring-cartridges\/\">&#8211;Monta\u017c w\u0105skich wk\u0142ad\u00f3w spr\u0119\u017cynowych CMT<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/403n-narrow-cmt-assembly-manual\/monitoring-options\/\">-Opcje wielopoziomowego monitorowania systemu CMT<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/403n-narrow-cmt-assembly-manual\/terms-and-conditions\/\">&#8211;Regulamin<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/403n-narrow-cmt-assembly-manual\/table-of-contents\/\">&#8211;Spis tre\u015bci<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/purge-and-grout-adaptor-instructions-109095\/\">-Instrukcja obs\u0142ugi adaptera do czyszczenia \/ fugowania<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/constructing-dual-cmt-ports\/\">-Budowa podw\u00f3jnych port\u00f3w CMT<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/summary-of-drilling-methods-and-techniques\/\">-Podsumowanie metod i technik wiertniczych<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/cmt-specifications-and-considerations\/\">-Specyfikacje i rozwa\u017cania dotycz\u0105ce CMT<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-faq\/\">FAQ<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/technical-bulletins-and-case-studies\/\">Przeszkoleni wykonawcy CMT<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/products\/multilevel-systems-and-remediation\/403-cmt-multilevel-system\/cmt-contractor-form.php\">-Zosta\u0144 przeszkolonym wykonawc\u0105<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/technical-bulletins-and-case-studies\/\">Biuletyny techniczne i studia przypadk\u00f3w<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/technical-bulletins-and-case-studies\/high-resolution-vapor-intrusion-monitoring\/\">-CMT do monitorowania wtargni\u0119cia opar\u00f3w w wysokiej rozdzielczo\u015bci<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/technical-bulletins-and-case-studies\/sampling-in-multilevels-options-and-helpful-hints\/\">-Pr\u00f3bkowanie wielopoziomowe: Opcje i pomocne wskaz\u00f3wki<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/technical-bulletins-and-case-studies\/cmd-systems-for-the-lust-market\/\">-Systemy CMT dla rynku LUST<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/technical-bulletins-and-case-studies\/cmt-vapor-monitoring\/\">-Monitorowanie opar\u00f3w CMT<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/\">Systemy wielopoziomowe<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><\/select>[\/et_pb_code][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; specialty=&#8221;on&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;5a5bca26-a9a5-4e6c-8fca-d64da3bdcd40&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;||||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_menu menu_id=&#8221;34&#8243; admin_label=&#8221;403 Main Nav&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;242faa89-ac4f-4e46-90fe-505e8c1eab79&#8243; global_module=&#8221;3814&#8243; saved_tabs=&#8221;all&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_menu][et_pb_menu menu_id=&#8221;37&#8243; admin_label=&#8221;403 Related Products&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;242faa89-ac4f-4e46-90fe-505e8c1eab79&#8243; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px||0px|false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;||||false|false&#8221; global_module=&#8221;8608&#8243; saved_tabs=&#8221;all&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_menu][et_pb_slider disabled_on=&#8221;on|on|off&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; display_conditions=&#8221;W10=&#8221; link_option_url=&#8221;https:\/\/downloads.solinst.com\/free-shipping?utm_source=solinst&#038;utm_medium=WC-global-sidebar-position1&#038;utm_campaign=free-shipping&#8221; global_module=&#8221;53188&#8243; saved_tabs=&#8221;all&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_slide button_text=&#8221;Zalety korzystania z fletu wodnego&#8221; button_link=&#8221;https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/pl\/produkty\/flet-solinst\/405-flet-wodny\/?utm_source=solinst&amp;utm_medium=WC-global-sidebar-position1&amp;utm_campaign=405-water-flute&#8221; use_bg_overlay=&#8221;on&#8221; bg_overlay_color=&#8221;rgba(224,97,0,0.58)&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; background_color=&#8221;#F07C00&#8243; background_enable_color=&#8221;on&#8221; background_image=&#8221;https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/405-water-flute-multilevel-groundwater-system-installation.webp&#8221; background_enable_image=&#8221;on&#8221; background_position=&#8221;top_center&#8221; custom_button=&#8221;on&#8221; button_bg_color=&#8221;#f58025&#8243; button_border_width=&#8221;2px&#8221; button_border_radius=&#8221;20px&#8221; button_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; background_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; sticky_transition=&#8221;on&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2><strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n<h2><strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n<h2><strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>G\u0142\u0119boko\u015b\u0107 Dyskretny monitoring w\u00f3d gruntowych<\/h2>\n<p><b>Redukcja koszt\u00f3w i czasu pracy w terenie<\/b><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_slide][\/et_pb_slider][et_pb_slider disabled_on=&#8221;on|off|off&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; link_option_url=&#8221;https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/groundwater-samplers\/410-peristaltic-pumps\/?utm_source=solinst&#038;utm_medium=WC-global-sidebar-position2&#038;utm_campaign=410-101d&#8221; disabled=&#8221;on&#8221; global_module=&#8221;53561&#8243; saved_tabs=&#8221;all&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_slide heading=&#8221;Automatyczne pompowanie z trybem DrawDown&#8221; button_text=&#8221;Nowa pompa perystaltyczna Mk5&#8243; button_link=&#8221;https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/pl\/produkty\/probniki-wod-gruntowych\/410-pompy-perystaltyczne\/?utm_source=solinst&amp;utm_medium=WC-global-sidebar-position2&amp;utm_campaign=410-101d&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; header_text_color=&#8221;#000000&#8243; background_color=&#8221;RGBA(255,255,255,0)&#8221; background_enable_color=&#8221;on&#8221; background_image=&#8221;https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/101d-water-level-drawdown-meter-2-965&#215;500-1.webp&#8221; background_enable_image=&#8221;on&#8221; background_size=&#8221;contain&#8221; custom_button=&#8221;on&#8221; button_bg_color=&#8221;#f58025&#8243; button_border_width=&#8221;2px&#8221; button_border_radius=&#8221;20px&#8221; button_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; button_custom_margin=&#8221;||||false|false&#8221; button_custom_padding=&#8221;1px||||false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;76px||||false|false&#8221; header_text_shadow_style=&#8221;preset3&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; sticky_transition=&#8221;on&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2\/>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_slide][\/et_pb_slider][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;3_4&#8243; specialty_columns=&#8221;3&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_row_inner custom_padding_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;3676f7e6-7b83-4698-94ce-2cc9fa9ae43d&#8221; background_color=&#8221;#FFFFFF&#8221; custom_padding_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; custom_padding_phone=&#8221;&#8221; sticky_position=&#8221;top&#8221; sticky_limit_bottom=&#8221;body&#8221; motion_trigger_start=&#8221;top&#8221; sticky_position_tablet=&#8221;top&#8221; sticky_position_phone=&#8221;none&#8221; sticky_position_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; sticky_offset_top_tablet=&#8221;127px&#8221; sticky_offset_top_phone=&#8221;133px&#8221; sticky_offset_top_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; sticky_offset_surrounding_tablet=&#8221;off&#8221; sticky_offset_surrounding_phone=&#8221;off&#8221; sticky_offset_surrounding_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column_inner saved_specialty_column_type=&#8221;3_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; background_color=&#8221;#FFFFFF&#8221; sticky_limit_bottom=&#8221;section&#8221; sticky_position_tablet=&#8221;top&#8221; sticky_position_phone=&#8221;top&#8221; sticky_position_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; sticky_offset_top_tablet=&#8221;133px&#8221; sticky_offset_top_phone=&#8221;&#8221; sticky_offset_top_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; sticky_limit_bottom_tablet=&#8221;none&#8221; sticky_limit_bottom_phone=&#8221;none&#8221; sticky_limit_bottom_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; sticky_offset_surrounding_tablet=&#8221;on&#8221; sticky_offset_surrounding_phone=&#8221;on&#8221; sticky_offset_surrounding_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Najcz\u0119\u015bciej zadawane pytania dotycz\u0105ce CMT<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#general\" title=\"Og\u00f3lne informacje i specyfikacja CMT\">Og\u00f3lne informacje i specyfikacja CMT<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#applications\" title=\"Aplikacje system\u00f3w wielopoziomowych CMT\">Zastosowania<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#drilling\" title=\"Wiercenie i instalacja wielopoziomowych system\u00f3w CMT\">Wiercenie i instalacja<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#developing\" title=\"Opracowywanie, pobieranie pr\u00f3bek, monitorowanie wielopoziomowych system\u00f3w CMT\">Opracowywanie, pobieranie pr\u00f3bek, monitorowanie<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column_inner][\/et_pb_row_inner][et_pb_row_inner module_id=&#8221;general&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;3676f7e6-7b83-4698-94ce-2cc9fa9ae43d&#8221; border_color_all=&#8221;#000000&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column_inner saved_specialty_column_type=&#8221;3_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;general&#8221; module_id=&#8221;general&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Og\u00f3lne informacje i specyfikacja CMT<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][dsm_faq dsm_make_accordion_toggle=&#8221;on&#8221; dsm_animate_icon=&#8221;on&#8221; admin_label=&#8221;general faq&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;77be2b9f-999b-455f-afb8-d94da1ded8dc&#8221; hover_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; sticky_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243;][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Czy segmenty rurki CMT mo\u017cna \u0142\u0105czy\u0107 ze sob\u0105?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Nie. System zosta\u0142 zaprojektowany do monta\u017cu na jednej ci\u0105g\u0142ej d\u0142ugo\u015bci, eliminuj\u0105c w ten spos\u00f3b mo\u017cliwo\u015b\u0107 przeciek\u00f3w na po\u0142\u0105czeniach. <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_0&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Czy odwierty CMT s\u0105 akceptowane przez organy regulacyjne? Jak przekona\u0107 organ regulacyjny, \u017ce system dostarcza wiarygodnych danych? &#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Na podstawie tego, co s\u0142yszymy, zdecydowane TAK! System ten jest jednak wci\u0105\u017c nowy dla wielu os\u00f3b, w tym dla wielu stanowych i lokalnych organ\u00f3w regulacyjnych. Jednak po wprowadzeniu ich do systemu wi\u0119kszo\u015b\u0107 organ\u00f3w regulacyjnych z ca\u0142ego serca popiera stosowanie odwiert\u00f3w CMT. Z niecierpliwo\u015bci\u0105 oczekuj\u0105 na lepsz\u0105 definicj\u0119 smugi, jak\u0105 zapewnia wielopoziomowe monitorowanie, zw\u0142aszcza w por\u00f3wnaniu z pr\u00f3bkami z\u0142o\u017conymi z d\u0142ugo monitorowanych studni monitoruj\u0105cych, kt\u00f3rymi musieli si\u0119 zadowoli\u0107 w przesz\u0142o\u015bci. Powszechn\u0105 obaw\u0105 wyra\u017can\u0105 przez spo\u0142eczno\u015b\u0107 regulacyjn\u0105 jest integralno\u015b\u0107 uszczelnie\u0144 pier\u015bcieniowych otwor\u00f3w wiertniczych, kt\u00f3re zapobiegaj\u0105 pionowemu przemieszczaniu si\u0119 w\u00f3d gruntowych mi\u0119dzy r\u00f3\u017cnymi strefami. Jest to jedna z kluczowych zalet systemu CMT. W przeciwie\u0144stwie do odwiert\u00f3w zagnie\u017cd\u017conych, w kt\u00f3rych w jednym otworze wiertniczym umieszcza si\u0119 kilka obud\u00f3w, w przypadku systemu CMT w otworze wiertniczym znajduje si\u0119 tylko jedna obudowa &#8211; a dok\u0142adniej jedna rura. Upraszcza to instalacj\u0119 i poprawia niezawodno\u015b\u0107 uszczelnie\u0144 pier\u015bcieniowych zainstalowanych mi\u0119dzy r\u00f3\u017cnymi monitorowanymi strefami. Kolejn\u0105 obaw\u0105 wyra\u017can\u0105 przez niekt\u00f3re organy regulacyjne jest jako\u015b\u0107 pr\u00f3bek w\u00f3d gruntowych pobieranych ze studni CMT. Najlepszym sposobem na poinformowanie regulatora o zaletach wielopoziomowego monitorowania za pomoc\u0105 systemu CMT jest skierowanie go do niedawno opublikowanego dokumentu na temat systemu CMT, kt\u00f3rego autorami s\u0105 jego wynalazcy, Murray Einarson i John Cherry. Artyku\u0142 ten (Einarson i Cherry, GWMR jesie\u0144 2002) mo\u017cna pobra\u0107 z naszej strony internetowej.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_0&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Czy istniej\u0105 jakiekolwiek wp\u0142ywy chemiczne lub odchylenia zwi\u0105zane z rurkami polietylenowymi lub innymi cz\u0119\u015bciami systemu CMT?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Istniej\u0105 odchylenia chemiczne zwi\u0105zane ze wszystkimi typami studni do monitorowania w\u00f3d gruntowych i pompami do pobierania pr\u00f3bek. Potencjalne odchylenia chemiczne zwi\u0105zane z systemem CMT odnosz\u0105 si\u0119 do (1) u\u017cycia rur polietylenowych i (2) urz\u0105dze\u0144 do pobierania pr\u00f3bek u\u017cywanych do pobierania pr\u00f3bek wody. Hydrofobowe zanieczyszczenia organiczne mog\u0105 sorbowa\u0107 si\u0119 na rurkach polietylenowych, potencjalnie powoduj\u0105c ujemne odchylenie pr\u00f3bkowania. W niekt\u00f3rych sytuacjach te same zwi\u0105zki mog\u0105 dyfundowa\u0107 przez polietylen, albo z zewn\u0105trz studni, albo z s\u0105siednich kana\u0142\u00f3w, potencjalnie powoduj\u0105c dodatnie odchylenie pr\u00f3bkowania w niekt\u00f3rych kana\u0142ach. Potencjalne odchylenia w przypadku zanieczyszcze\u0144 hydrofilowych, np. MTBE lub wi\u0119kszo\u015bci zwi\u0105zk\u00f3w nieorganicznych, s\u0105 minimalne. Dok\u0142adne om\u00f3wienie tych potencjalnych b\u0142\u0119d\u00f3w w pr\u00f3bkowaniu przedstawiono w artykule Einarsona i Cherry&apos;ego opisuj\u0105cym system CMT, kt\u00f3ry zosta\u0142 opublikowany w jesiennym numerze 2002 r. w czasopi\u015bmie Groundwater Monitoring and Remediation. (Patrz sekcja Artyku\u0142y na tej stronie internetowej).      <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_0&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Dlaczego system nie jest dost\u0119pny w wersji Teflon\u00ae?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Zbadali\u015bmy pomys\u0142 wykonania rurek CMT z teflonu, ale odrzucili\u015bmy go z kilku powod\u00f3w. Po pierwsze, teflon jest trudnym w obr\u00f3bce polimerem i nie jest mo\u017cliwe wyt\u0142aczanie teflonu w kszta\u0142cie obecnego systemu CMT. Po drugie, teflon jest bardzo drogi, co zwi\u0119kszy\u0142oby koszt systemu CMT nawet dziesi\u0119ciokrotnie. Wreszcie, teflon nie jest odporny na b\u0142\u0119dy pr\u00f3bkowania; hydrofobowe lotne zwi\u0105zki organiczne mog\u0105 dyfundowa\u0107 przez \u015bcianki rur teflonowych, podobnie jak przez \u015bcianki rur polietylenowych.   <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_0&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Czym r\u00f3\u017cni\u0105 si\u0119 studzienki CMT od %22 studzienek zagnie\u017cd\u017conych%22?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Studnie CMT r\u00f3\u017cni\u0105 si\u0119 znacznie od %22studni zagnie\u017cd\u017conych%22. W rzeczywisto\u015bci system CMT zosta\u0142 zaprojektowany cz\u0119\u015bciowo z powodu problem\u00f3w zwi\u0105zanych z odwiertami zagnie\u017cd\u017conymi. Odwierty zagnie\u017cd\u017cone to wielopoziomowe odwierty z wieloma obudowami w jednym otworze. Ten typ konstrukcji studni by\u0142 popularny w latach 70. i na pocz\u0105tku lat 80. ubieg\u0142ego wieku. Jednak stosowanie studni zagnie\u017cd\u017conych jest zdecydowanie odradzane przez US EPA i inne agencje regulacyjne ze wzgl\u0119du na wiele udokumentowanych przypadk\u00f3w, w kt\u00f3rych s\u0142abe uszczelnienia mi\u0119dzy obudowami doprowadzi\u0142y do wzajemnego po\u0142\u0105czenia r\u00f3\u017cnych monitorowanych stref.     Wi\u0119kszo\u015b\u0107 odwiert\u00f3w nie jest idealnie prosta lub pionowa, a obudowy nieuchronnie przylegaj\u0105 do siebie w niekt\u00f3rych cz\u0119\u015bciach odwiertu. Pelety bentonitowe i\/lub zaprawy cementowe mog\u0105 nie wype\u0142nia\u0107 ca\u0142kowicie przestrzeni mi\u0119dzy obudowami, powoduj\u0105c powstawanie pustych przestrzeni, kt\u00f3re umo\u017cliwiaj\u0105 wzajemn\u0105 komunikacj\u0119 mi\u0119dzy r\u00f3\u017cnymi strefami monitorowania. W obszarach, w kt\u00f3rych odwierty zagnie\u017cd\u017cone s\u0105 nadal dozwolone, zwykle wymagane jest stosowanie element\u00f3w dystansowych w celu oddzielenia r\u00f3\u017cnych obud\u00f3w w odwiercie. Zazwyczaj wymagane jest r\u00f3wnie\u017c zainstalowanie 2-calowych uszczelek pier\u015bcieniowych pomi\u0119dzy poszczeg\u00f3lnymi obudowami studni. Wym\u00f3g ten powoduje, \u017ce odwierty musz\u0105 mie\u0107 \u015brednic\u0119 12 cali lub wi\u0119ksz\u0105. Zwi\u0119kszony koszt wi\u0119kszych odwiert\u00f3w szybko sprawia, \u017ce odwierty zagnie\u017cd\u017cone staj\u0105 si\u0119 mniej atrakcyjne ni\u017c klastry pojedynczych odwiert\u00f3w, zw\u0142aszcza gdy uwzgl\u0119dni si\u0119 niepewno\u015b\u0107 zwi\u0105zan\u0105 z uszczelnieniami pier\u015bcieniowymi. W systemie CMT r\u00f3\u017cne kana\u0142y monitoruj\u0105ce znajduj\u0105 si\u0119 wewn\u0105trz rur CMT. W ten spos\u00f3b w otworze wiertniczym znajduje si\u0119 tylko jedna, g\u0142adko\u015bcienna rura. Rura jest wy\u015brodkowana wewn\u0105trz otworu za pomoc\u0105 niskoprofilowych centralizator\u00f3w Solinst, a uszczelki pier\u015bcieniowe o grubo\u015bci 2 cali mo\u017cna \u0142atwo i niezawodnie zainstalowa\u0107 w pojedynczym otworze o \u015brednicy zaledwie 5,6 cala.        <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_0&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Czy studnie CMT spe\u0142niaj\u0105 stanowe i okr\u0119gowe standardy budowy studni?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Standardy budowy studni r\u00f3\u017cni\u0105 si\u0119 w zale\u017cno\u015bci od regionu, ale studnie CMT powinny by\u0107 w pe\u0142ni zgodne ze standardami budowy studni w wi\u0119kszo\u015bci obszar\u00f3w. Wiele stan\u00f3w i hrabstw wymaga 2-calowego pier\u015bcieniowego uszczelnienia mi\u0119dzy obudow\u0105 studni a \u015bcian\u0105 odwiertu. Jest to \u0142atwe do osi\u0105gni\u0119cia w przypadku studni CMT. Bior\u0105c pod uwag\u0119 stosunkowo ma\u0142\u0105 \u015brednic\u0119 systemu (1,6 cala), wym\u00f3g 2-calowego uszczelnienia jest spe\u0142niony poprzez zainstalowanie systemu w odwiercie o \u015brednicy 5,6 cala lub wi\u0119kszej. Niskoprofilowe centralizatory zapewniaj\u0105, \u017ce studnie CMT s\u0105 wy\u015brodkowane w odwiercie, a materia\u0142 uszczelniaj\u0105cy r\u00f3wnomiernie wype\u0142nia przestrze\u0144 wok\u00f3\u0142 rur CMT.    <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_0&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Jaka jest obj\u0119to\u015b\u0107 przedmuchiwania r\u00f3\u017cnych kana\u0142\u00f3w CMT na stop\u0119 rurki?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Zewn\u0119trzne 6 kana\u0142\u00f3w CMT w kszta\u0142cie placka mie\u015bci po 40 ml p\u0142ynu na stop\u0119 liniow\u0105 rurki. \u015arodkowy kana\u0142 mie\u015bci oko\u0142o 30 ml na stop\u0119 liniow\u0105. <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_0&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Dlaczego system CMT jest ta\u0144szy ni\u017c inne systemy wielopoziomowe?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Jest ku temu kilka powod\u00f3w. Po pierwsze, rurka wykonana jest z polietylenu o wysokiej g\u0119sto\u015bci (HDPE), kt\u00f3ry jest niedrogim materia\u0142em powszechnie stosowanym do pobierania pr\u00f3bek \u015brodowiskowych. Po drugie, w rurce nie ma \u017cadnych po\u0142\u0105cze\u0144; rurka jest ci\u0105g\u0142a od powierzchni ziemi do dna odwiertu. Po\u0142\u0105czenia zwi\u0119kszaj\u0105 koszt studni monitoruj\u0105cych, poniewa\u017c wymagaj\u0105 zaawansowanej konstrukcji i starannej obr\u00f3bki, aby utrzyma\u0107 wytrzyma\u0142o\u015b\u0107 na rozci\u0105ganie i zapobiec wyciekom.   <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_0&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Jakie dokumenty lub wytyczne zosta\u0142y opublikowane i opisuj\u0105 system CMT?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Opublikowano kilka artyku\u0142\u00f3w opisuj\u0105cych wielopoziomowy system monitorowania CMT i ca\u0142y czas publikowane s\u0105 kolejne. Najbardziej kompletny opis systemu CMT znajduje si\u0119 w artykule technicznym opublikowanym w numerze Fall 2002 czasopisma Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation (Einarson i Cherry, 2002). Nale\u017cy jednak zauwa\u017cy\u0107, \u017ce od czasu napisania tego artyku\u0142u wprowadzono kilka ulepsze\u0144 do systemu. System CMT zosta\u0142 r\u00f3wnie\u017c opisany w dokumencie American Petroleum Institute z 2000 r. zatytu\u0142owanym %22Strategies for Characterizing Sites with Releases of MTBE and other Fuel Oxygenates%22. Te i inne dokumenty mo\u017cna pobra\u0107 z sekcji Dokumenty na naszej stronie internetowej.    <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_0&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Czy wielopoziomowy system Waterloo ma jakie\u015b zalety w por\u00f3wnaniu z systemem CMT?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Tak, system <\/span><a href=%22\/?page_id=2640%22 data-uw-rm-brl=%22PR%22 data-uw-original-href=%22https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/pl\/produkty\/systemy-wielopoziomowe\/401-system-wielopoziomowy-waterloo\/%22>System Waterloo<\/a><span> jest bardziej odpowiedni do g\u0142\u0119bszych zastosowa\u0144, zastosowa\u0144 wymagaj\u0105cych specjalnych materia\u0142\u00f3w, takich jak stal nierdzewna lub teflon oraz do zastosowa\u0144 wymagaj\u0105cych dedykowanych pomp i przetwornik\u00f3w ci\u015bnienia w maksymalnie 8 strefach.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_0&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Nie mam miejsca w miejscu pracy, aby roz\u0142o\u017cy\u0107 rurki w celu oznaczenia i zainstalowania port\u00f3w wlotowych i ekran\u00f3w studni. Jakie mam inne mo\u017cliwo\u015bci? &#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>W przypadku d\u0142ugich rur, np. powy\u017cej 100 st\u00f3p, cz\u0119sto niepraktyczne jest uk\u0142adanie rur na ziemi w miejscu pracy w celu oznaczenia i zainstalowania r\u00f3\u017cnych port\u00f3w wlotowych i ekran\u00f3w studni. Zalecamy wcze\u015bniejsze oznaczenie lokalizacji port\u00f3w na rurze i przywiezienie zwini\u0119tej rury CMT na miejsce pracy. Nast\u0119pnie mo\u017cna zainstalowa\u0107 porty i ekrany w odpowiednich miejscach podczas opuszczania rur CMT do odwiertu. Alternatywnie, system CMT mo\u017cna zbudowa\u0107 w dowolnym miejscu, a nast\u0119pnie zwin\u0105\u0107 i przetransportowa\u0107 na miejsce.   <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_0&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Dlaczego rurki CMT nie s\u0105 dost\u0119pne w wi\u0119kszych \u015brednicach?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Rozwa\u017cali\u015bmy wykonanie rurek CMT o wi\u0119kszych \u015brednicach, ale okaza\u0142o si\u0119, \u017ce przynios\u0142o to niepo\u017c\u0105dane skutki. Po pierwsze, zwi\u0119kszenie \u015brednicy rurki spowodowa\u0142o zmniejszenie jej wytrzyma\u0142o\u015bci na zginanie. Po drugie, rurki o wi\u0119kszej \u015brednicy by\u0142y trudniejsze do zwini\u0119cia i nie mo\u017cna ich by\u0142o zwin\u0105\u0107 w \u015brednice wystarczaj\u0105co ma\u0142e, aby mo\u017cna je by\u0142o wys\u0142a\u0107 zwyk\u0142ymi \u015brodkami transportu. Zamiast powi\u0119ksza\u0107 rurki, opracowali\u015bmy ta\u015bmy do pomiaru poziomu wody i pompy do pobierania pr\u00f3bek, kt\u00f3re z \u0142atwo\u015bci\u0105 zmie\u015bci\u0142yby si\u0119 we wszystkich kana\u0142ach istniej\u0105cych rurek CMT. Zobacz mierniki poziomu wody Model 101M i Model 102.    <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_0&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Jaka jest historia systemu CMT?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>System CMT zosta\u0142 pierwotnie opracowany przez Murraya Einarsona podczas studi\u00f3w magisterskich na Uniwersytecie Waterloo w Ontario w Kanadzie. W tym czasie Murray by\u0142 partnerem w kalifornijskiej firmie Precision Sampling, kt\u00f3ra zachowa\u0142a prawa patentowe do systemu CMT do czasu sprzeda\u017cy firmy Precision firmie Conor Pacific Environmental w 1998 roku. W 1999 roku Murray uzyska\u0142 wy\u0142\u0105czn\u0105 w\u0142asno\u015b\u0107 praw patentowych od Conor Pacific i podpisa\u0142 umow\u0119 z Solinst, daj\u0105c im wy\u0142\u0105czne \u015bwiatowe prawa do produkcji i sprzeda\u017cy systemu. Od tego czasu Solinst dalej rozwija\u0142 system CMT, projektuj\u0105c niezawodne uszczelnienia mechaniczne dla ka\u017cdego kana\u0142u, port punktu prowadz\u0105cego umo\u017cliwiaj\u0105cy \u0142atwy dost\u0119p do kana\u0142u centralnego oraz zestaw specjalistycznych narz\u0119dzi upraszczaj\u0105cych monta\u017c systemu.   <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_0&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Ile studni CMT zainstalowano do tej pory?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Tysi\u0105ce odwiert\u00f3w CMT zosta\u0142o zainstalowanych na czterech kontynentach na ca\u0142ym \u015bwiecie. Odwierty CMT zosta\u0142y zainstalowane w wi\u0119kszo\u015bci stan\u00f3w USA oraz w Kanadzie, Wielkiej Brytanii, W\u0142oszech, Singapurze i RPA. <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_0&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][\/dsm_faq][\/et_pb_column_inner][\/et_pb_row_inner][et_pb_row_inner module_id=&#8221;general&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;3676f7e6-7b83-4698-94ce-2cc9fa9ae43d&#8221; border_color_all=&#8221;#000000&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column_inner saved_specialty_column_type=&#8221;3_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;applications&#8221; module_id=&#8221;applications&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Zastosowania<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][dsm_faq dsm_make_accordion_toggle=&#8221;on&#8221; dsm_animate_icon=&#8221;on&#8221; admin_label=&#8221;applications faq&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;77be2b9f-999b-455f-afb8-d94da1ded8dc&#8221; hover_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; sticky_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243;][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Czy studnie CMT mog\u0105 by\u0107 wykorzystywane do pobierania pr\u00f3bek gazu z gleby?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Tak. Dost\u0119pne s\u0105 specjalne z\u0142\u0105czki do pobierania pr\u00f3bek gazu z gleby ze wszystkich kana\u0142\u00f3w rurki CMT. Skontaktuj si\u0119 z nami, aby uzyska\u0107 szczeg\u00f3\u0142owe informacje.  <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_1&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Jakiego rodzaju testy hydrauliczne mog\u0119 przeprowadzi\u0107 w studniach CMT?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Studnie CMT stanowi\u0105 idealne wielopoziomowe studnie obserwacyjne podczas test\u00f3w pompowania w\u00f3d gruntowych. Testy hydrauliczne zosta\u0142y r\u00f3wnie\u017c przeprowadzone w samych studniach. Wi\u0119kszo\u015b\u0107 test\u00f3w przeprowadzonych do tej pory w studniach CMT to testy \u015blimakowe, w kt\u00f3rych spr\u0119\u017cone powietrze jest wykorzystywane do obni\u017cenia poziomu wody w strefie testowej. Spr\u0119\u017cone powietrze jest nagle uwalniane, a odzyskiwanie interwa\u0142u jest monitorowane poprzez pomiar rosn\u0105cego poziomu wody w czasie. Przetworniki o ma\u0142ej \u015brednicy znacznie upraszczaj\u0105 monitorowanie odzyskiwania poziomu wody, zw\u0142aszcza w gruboziarnistych formacjach, kt\u00f3re szybko si\u0119 odbudowuj\u0105. Dobre \u017ar\u00f3d\u0142o informacji na temat test\u00f3w hydraulicznych w studniach o ma\u0142ej \u015brednicy mo\u017cna znale\u017a\u0107 na stronie internetowej University of Kansas:       <\/span><a href=%22http:\/\/www.geo.ku.edu\/%22 data-et-target-link=%22_blank%22 data-uw-rm-brl=%22PR%22 data-uw-original-href=%22http:\/\/www.geo.ku.edu\/%22 aria-label=%22http:\/\/www.geo.ku.edu - open in a new tab%22 data-uw-rm-ext-link=%22%22 uw-rm-external-link-id=%22http:\/\/www.geo.ku.edu\/$http:\/\/www.geo.ku.edu%22 rel=%22noopener%22>http:\/\/www.geo.ku.edu<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_1&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Czy pr\u00f3bki w\u00f3d podziemnych pobrane ze studni CMT s\u0105 tak samo dobre jak pr\u00f3bki pobrane z 2-calowych lub 4-calowych konwencjonalnych studni monitoruj\u0105cych?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Pr\u00f3bki w\u00f3d gruntowych ze studni CMT s\u0105 nie tylko tak samo dobre, jak pr\u00f3bki pobrane z tradycyjnych studni monitoruj\u0105cych, ale zazwyczaj s\u0105 lepsze! Co najwa\u017cniejsze, pr\u00f3bki ze studni CMT s\u0105 pr\u00f3bkami dyskretnymi z warstwy wodono\u015bnej, a nie pr\u00f3bkami z\u0142o\u017conymi typowymi dla konwencjonalnych studni monitoruj\u0105cych o d\u0142ugim czasie badania. W zwi\u0105zku z tym, je\u015bli st\u0119\u017cenie substancji zanieczyszczaj\u0105cej w pr\u00f3bce pobranej z okre\u015blonego kana\u0142u CMT jest niskie, mo\u017cna mie\u0107 pewno\u015b\u0107, \u017ce st\u0119\u017cenie w warstwie wodono\u015bnej na tej g\u0142\u0119boko\u015bci jest rzeczywi\u015bcie niskie, a nie niskie z powodu rozcie\u0144czenia, jak mo\u017ce mie\u0107 to miejsce w przypadku konwencjonalnej studni monitoruj\u0105cej. Dodatkowa dyskusja na temat b\u0142\u0119d\u00f3w pr\u00f3bkowania zwi\u0105zanych z konwencjonalnymi studniami monitoruj\u0105cymi oraz zalet technicznych wielopoziomowego monitorowania w\u00f3d podziemnych zosta\u0142a przedstawiona w sekcji Dokumenty. Ponadto pr\u00f3bki wody pobrane ze studni CMT s\u0105 cz\u0119sto mniej m\u0119tne ni\u017c pr\u00f3bki pobrane z konwencjonalnych studni monitoruj\u0105cych. Rozmiar szczeliny sita i pakiet piasku w konwencjonalnym odwiercie monitoruj\u0105cym jest cz\u0119sto kompromisem ze wzgl\u0119du na szeroki zakres rozmiar\u00f3w ziaren obecnych w przesiewanym przedziale wi\u0119kszo\u015bci odwiert\u00f3w. Przesiewacze i pakiet piasku mog\u0105 by\u0107 zbyt ma\u0142e dla grubszych frakcji, ale zbyt du\u017ce dla drobnoziarnistych warstw w strefie przesiewania. Prowadzi to do wysokiego poziomu zm\u0119tnienia pr\u00f3bek wody, poniewa\u017c drobnoziarniste osady nie s\u0105 skutecznie filtrowane przez sita studni i pakiet piasku. Z drugiej strony studnie CMT zazwyczaj monitoruj\u0105 kr\u00f3tkie, dyskretne interwa\u0142y w warstwie wodono\u015bnej. Ekran odwiertu i pakiet piasku w ka\u017cdej monitorowanej strefie mo\u017cna zoptymalizowa\u0107 pod k\u0105tem wielko\u015bci ziarna osad\u00f3w w ka\u017cdym przedziale. Ka\u017cdy port wlotowy w studni CMT mo\u017ce mie\u0107 inny ekran studni i rozmiar pakietu piasku w zale\u017cno\u015bci od litologii materia\u0142\u00f3w warstwy wodono\u015bnej w ka\u017cdej monitorowanej strefie. Ta elastyczno\u015b\u0107 w konstrukcji studni optymalizuje charakterystyk\u0119 filtracji studni CMT, co skutkuje czystymi, pozbawionymi zm\u0119tnienia pr\u00f3bkami wody. Studnie CMT maj\u0105 inne zalety w por\u00f3wnaniu z konwencjonalnymi studniami monitoruj\u0105cymi. Po pierwsze, obj\u0119to\u015b\u0107 p\u0142ukania studzienek CMT jest bardzo ma\u0142a. Oznacza to, \u017ce podczas rutynowego pobierania pr\u00f3bek jest mniej zanieczyszczonej wody wymagaj\u0105cej uzdatnienia lub usuni\u0119cia. We\u017amy na przyk\u0142ad 4-strefowy odwiert CMT z portami na g\u0142\u0119boko\u015bciach 20, 40, 60 i 80 st\u00f3p. Zak\u0142adaj\u0105c, \u017ce statyczny poziom wody wynosi 10 st\u00f3p poni\u017cej powierzchni gruntu, obj\u0119to\u015b\u0107 wody wymagana do oczyszczenia dwukrotno\u015bci %22obj\u0119to\u015bci obudowy%22 czterech kana\u0142\u00f3w wynosi\u0142aby oko\u0142o 7 litr\u00f3w lub mniej ni\u017c 2 galony! Po drugie, studnie CMT wykrywaj\u0105 zmiany ci\u015bnienia piezometrycznego dok\u0142adniej ni\u017c tradycyjne studnie monitoruj\u0105ce. Studnie monitoruj\u0105ce o \u015brednicy dw\u00f3ch lub czterech cali magazynuj\u0105 du\u017co wody w por\u00f3wnaniu do pojedynczych kana\u0142\u00f3w w studni CMT. Du\u017ca ilo\u015b\u0107 wody przechowywana w konwencjonalnej studni monitoruj\u0105cej oznacza, \u017ce studnia b\u0119dzie wolno reagowa\u0107 na zmiany ci\u015bnienia piezometrycznego w warstwie wodono\u015bnej. Jest to szczeg\u00f3lnie prawdziwe w przypadku formacji o niskiej wydajno\u015bci, gdzie wype\u0142nienie obudowy odwiertu do statycznego poziomu wody mo\u017ce wymaga\u0107 tygodni, a nawet miesi\u0119cy. Z drugiej strony, studzienki CMT reaguj\u0105 i wyr\u00f3wnuj\u0105 si\u0119 szybko ze wzgl\u0119du na ma\u0142\u0105 obj\u0119to\u015b\u0107 r\u00f3\u017cnych kana\u0142\u00f3w.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_1&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Czym r\u00f3\u017cni\u0105 si\u0119 studzienki CMT od %22 studzienek zagnie\u017cd\u017conych%22?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Studnie CMT r\u00f3\u017cni\u0105 si\u0119 znacznie od %22studni zagnie\u017cd\u017conych%22. W rzeczywisto\u015bci system CMT zosta\u0142 zaprojektowany cz\u0119\u015bciowo z powodu problem\u00f3w zwi\u0105zanych z odwiertami zagnie\u017cd\u017conymi. Odwierty zagnie\u017cd\u017cone to wielopoziomowe odwierty z wieloma obudowami w jednym otworze. Ten typ konstrukcji studni by\u0142 popularny w latach 70. i na pocz\u0105tku lat 80. ubieg\u0142ego wieku. Jednak stosowanie studni zagnie\u017cd\u017conych jest zdecydowanie odradzane przez US EPA i inne agencje regulacyjne ze wzgl\u0119du na wiele udokumentowanych przypadk\u00f3w, w kt\u00f3rych s\u0142abe uszczelnienia mi\u0119dzy obudowami doprowadzi\u0142y do wzajemnego po\u0142\u0105czenia r\u00f3\u017cnych monitorowanych stref.    <\/p>\n<p>Wi\u0119kszo\u015b\u0107 odwiert\u00f3w nie jest idealnie prosta lub pionowa, a obudowy nieuchronnie przylegaj\u0105 do siebie w niekt\u00f3rych cz\u0119\u015bciach odwiertu. Pelety bentonitowe i\/lub zaprawy cementowe mog\u0105 nie wype\u0142nia\u0107 ca\u0142kowicie przestrzeni mi\u0119dzy obudowami, powoduj\u0105c powstawanie pustych przestrzeni, kt\u00f3re umo\u017cliwiaj\u0105 wzajemn\u0105 komunikacj\u0119 mi\u0119dzy r\u00f3\u017cnymi strefami monitorowania. W obszarach, w kt\u00f3rych odwierty zagnie\u017cd\u017cone s\u0105 nadal dozwolone, zwykle wymagane jest stosowanie element\u00f3w dystansowych w celu oddzielenia r\u00f3\u017cnych obud\u00f3w w odwiercie. Zazwyczaj wymagane jest r\u00f3wnie\u017c zainstalowanie 2-calowych uszczelek pier\u015bcieniowych pomi\u0119dzy poszczeg\u00f3lnymi obudowami studni. Wym\u00f3g ten powoduje, \u017ce odwierty musz\u0105 mie\u0107 \u015brednic\u0119 12 cali lub wi\u0119ksz\u0105. Zwi\u0119kszony koszt wi\u0119kszych odwiert\u00f3w szybko sprawia, \u017ce odwierty zagnie\u017cd\u017cone staj\u0105 si\u0119 mniej atrakcyjne ni\u017c klastry pojedynczych odwiert\u00f3w, zw\u0142aszcza gdy uwzgl\u0119dni si\u0119 niepewno\u015b\u0107 zwi\u0105zan\u0105 z uszczelnieniami pier\u015bcieniowymi. W systemie CMT r\u00f3\u017cne kana\u0142y monitoruj\u0105ce znajduj\u0105 si\u0119 wewn\u0105trz rur CMT. W ten spos\u00f3b w otworze wiertniczym znajduje si\u0119 tylko jedna, g\u0142adko\u015bcienna rura. Rura jest wy\u015brodkowana wewn\u0105trz otworu za pomoc\u0105 niskoprofilowych centralizator\u00f3w Solinst, a uszczelki pier\u015bcieniowe o grubo\u015bci 2 cali mo\u017cna \u0142atwo i niezawodnie zainstalowa\u0107 w pojedynczym otworze o \u015brednicy zaledwie 5,6 cala.        <\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_1&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Czy studnie CMT spe\u0142niaj\u0105 stanowe i okr\u0119gowe standardy budowy studni?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Standardy budowy studni r\u00f3\u017cni\u0105 si\u0119 w zale\u017cno\u015bci od regionu, ale studnie CMT powinny by\u0107 w pe\u0142ni zgodne ze standardami budowy studni w wi\u0119kszo\u015bci obszar\u00f3w. Wiele stan\u00f3w i hrabstw wymaga 2-calowego pier\u015bcieniowego uszczelnienia mi\u0119dzy obudow\u0105 studni a \u015bcian\u0105 odwiertu. Jest to \u0142atwe do osi\u0105gni\u0119cia w przypadku studni CMT. Bior\u0105c pod uwag\u0119 stosunkowo ma\u0142\u0105 \u015brednic\u0119 systemu (1,6 cala), wym\u00f3g 2-calowego uszczelnienia jest spe\u0142niony poprzez zainstalowanie systemu w odwiercie o \u015brednicy 5,6 cala lub wi\u0119kszej. Niskoprofilowe centralizatory zapewniaj\u0105, \u017ce studnie CMT s\u0105 wy\u015brodkowane w odwiercie, a materia\u0142 uszczelniaj\u0105cy r\u00f3wnomiernie wype\u0142nia przestrze\u0144 wok\u00f3\u0142 rur CMT.    <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_1&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Czy odwierty CMT s\u0105 akceptowane przez organy regulacyjne? Jak przekona\u0107 organ regulacyjny, \u017ce system dostarcza wiarygodnych danych? &#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Z tego co s\u0142yszymy, zdecydowanie TAK! System ten jest jednak wci\u0105\u017c nowy dla wielu os\u00f3b, w tym dla wielu stanowych i lokalnych organ\u00f3w regulacyjnych. Jednak po zapoznaniu si\u0119 z systemem wi\u0119kszo\u015b\u0107 organ\u00f3w regulacyjnych z ca\u0142ego serca popiera korzystanie z odwiert\u00f3w CMT. Z niecierpliwo\u015bci\u0105 czekaj\u0105 na lepsz\u0105 definicj\u0119 smugi, jak\u0105 zapewnia wielopoziomowe monitorowanie, zw\u0142aszcza w por\u00f3wnaniu z pr\u00f3bkami z\u0142o\u017conymi z d\u0142ugo monitorowanych studni monitoruj\u0105cych, kt\u00f3rymi musieli si\u0119 zadowoli\u0107 w przesz\u0142o\u015bci. Powszechn\u0105 obaw\u0105 wyra\u017can\u0105 przez spo\u0142eczno\u015b\u0107 regulacyjn\u0105 jest integralno\u015b\u0107 uszczelnie\u0144 pier\u015bcieniowych otwor\u00f3w wiertniczych, kt\u00f3re zapobiegaj\u0105 pionowemu przemieszczaniu si\u0119 w\u00f3d gruntowych mi\u0119dzy r\u00f3\u017cnymi strefami. Jest to jedna z kluczowych zalet systemu CMT. W przeciwie\u0144stwie do studni zagnie\u017cd\u017conych, w kt\u00f3rych w jednym odwiercie umieszcza si\u0119 kilka obud\u00f3w, w przypadku systemu CMT w odwiercie znajduje si\u0119 tylko jedna obudowa &#8211; a dok\u0142adniej jedna rura. Upraszcza to instalacj\u0119 i poprawia niezawodno\u015b\u0107 uszczelnie\u0144 pier\u015bcieniowych zainstalowanych mi\u0119dzy r\u00f3\u017cnymi monitorowanymi strefami. Kolejn\u0105 obaw\u0105 wyra\u017can\u0105 przez niekt\u00f3re organy regulacyjne jest jako\u015b\u0107 pr\u00f3bek w\u00f3d gruntowych pobieranych z odwiert\u00f3w CMT. Do niedawna jedynym sposobem pobierania pr\u00f3bek ze studni CMT by\u0142a pompa perystaltyczna lub mini pompa bezw\u0142adno\u015bciowa. Teraz Solinst ma pomp\u0119 Micro Double Valve, a integralno\u015b\u0107 pr\u00f3bki nie jest ju\u017c problemem. Kilka bada\u0144 rz\u0105dowych i uniwersyteckich pokazuje, \u017ce pompy pneumatyczne, takie jak Micro Double Valve, zapewniaj\u0105 bardzo wysok\u0105 jako\u015b\u0107 pr\u00f3bek w\u00f3d gruntowych. Najlepszym sposobem na poinformowanie regulatora o zaletach wielopoziomowego monitorowania przy u\u017cyciu systemu CMT jest skierowanie go do niedawno opublikowanego artyku\u0142u na temat systemu CMT autorstwa jego wynalazc\u00f3w, Murraya Einarsona i Johna Cherry&apos;ego. Artyku\u0142 ten (Einarson and Cherry, GWMR Fall 2002) mo\u017cna pobra\u0107 z naszej strony internetowej.             <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_1&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Jakie dokumenty lub wytyczne zosta\u0142y opublikowane i opisuj\u0105 system CMT?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Opublikowano kilka artyku\u0142\u00f3w opisuj\u0105cych wielopoziomowy system monitorowania CMT i ca\u0142y czas publikowane s\u0105 kolejne. Najbardziej kompletny opis systemu CMT znajduje si\u0119 w artykule technicznym opublikowanym w jesiennym wydaniu czasopisma Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation (Einarson i Cherry, 2002). Nale\u017cy jednak zauwa\u017cy\u0107, \u017ce od czasu napisania tego artyku\u0142u wprowadzono kilka ulepsze\u0144 do systemu. System CMT zosta\u0142 r\u00f3wnie\u017c opisany w dokumencie wytycznych Ameryka\u0144skiego Instytutu Naftowego z 2000 r. zatytu\u0142owanym %22Strategie charakteryzowania miejsc uwolnie\u0144 MTBE i innych natleniaczy paliwa%22. Te i inne dokumenty mo\u017cna pobra\u0107 z sekcji Dokumenty na naszej stronie internetowej.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_1&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][\/dsm_faq][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;drilling&#8221; module_id=&#8221;drilling&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Wiercenie i instalacja<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][dsm_faq dsm_make_accordion_toggle=&#8221;on&#8221; dsm_animate_icon=&#8221;on&#8221; admin_label=&#8221;drilling faq&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;77be2b9f-999b-455f-afb8-d94da1ded8dc&#8221; hover_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; sticky_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243;][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Jaka jest maksymalna g\u0142\u0119boko\u015b\u0107, na kt\u00f3rej mo\u017cna zainstalowa\u0107 studnie CMT?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Studnie CMT zosta\u0142y zainstalowane do maksymalnej g\u0142\u0119boko\u015bci 260 st\u00f3p. Dost\u0119pne d\u0142ugo\u015bci kr\u0119g\u00f3w to 100 st\u00f3p, 200 st\u00f3p i 300 st\u00f3p. Na specjalne zam\u00f3wienie dost\u0119pne s\u0105 kr\u0119gi o d\u0142ugo\u015bci 400 st\u00f3p.  <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_2&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Czy segmenty rurki CMT mo\u017cna \u0142\u0105czy\u0107 ze sob\u0105?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Nie. System zosta\u0142 zaprojektowany do monta\u017cu na jednej ci\u0105g\u0142ej d\u0142ugo\u015bci, eliminuj\u0105c w ten spos\u00f3b mo\u017cliwo\u015b\u0107 przeciek\u00f3w na po\u0142\u0105czeniach. <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_2&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Co je\u015bli nie chc\u0119 monitorowa\u0107 siedmiu stref? Czy musz\u0119 u\u017cywa\u0107 wszystkich kana\u0142\u00f3w? &#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Nie. Mo\u017cna u\u017cywa\u0107 dowolnej liczby kana\u0142\u00f3w. Nieu\u017cywane kana\u0142y nie maj\u0105 wp\u0142ywu na reszt\u0119 systemu CMT. Niekt\u00f3rzy u\u017cywaj\u0105 dw\u00f3ch kana\u0142\u00f3w do monitorowania pojedynczej strefy. Po\u015bwi\u0119caj\u0105 jeden z kana\u0142\u00f3w na pomp\u0119 Micro Double Valve Pump i u\u017cywaj\u0105 drugiego kana\u0142u do pomiaru poziomu wody. Je\u015bli jednak u\u017cyjesz dw\u00f3ch kana\u0142\u00f3w do monitorowania pojedynczej strefy, zmniejszysz liczb\u0119 dyskretnych stref, kt\u00f3re mo\u017cesz monitorowa\u0107 o 50%.     <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_2&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Jakie dokumenty lub wytyczne zosta\u0142y opublikowane i opisuj\u0105 system CMT?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Opublikowano kilka artyku\u0142\u00f3w opisuj\u0105cych wielopoziomowy system monitorowania CMT i ca\u0142y czas publikowane s\u0105 kolejne. Najbardziej kompletny opis systemu CMT znajduje si\u0119 w artykule technicznym opublikowanym w jesiennym numerze 2002 Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation (Einarson i Cherry, 2002). Nale\u017cy jednak zauwa\u017cy\u0107, \u017ce od czasu napisania tego artyku\u0142u wprowadzono kilka ulepsze\u0144 do systemu. System CMT jest r\u00f3wnie\u017c opisany w dokumencie wytycznych Ameryka\u0144skiego Instytutu Naftowego z 2000 r. zatytu\u0142owanym %22Strategie charakteryzowania miejsc uwolnienia MTBE i innych natleniaczy paliw%22.     <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_2&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Czy istnieje minimalna \u015brednica odwiertu, kt\u00f3ra powinna by\u0107 stosowana w studniach CMT?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>W przypadku instalacji, w kt\u00f3rych piasek i granulki bentonitu s\u0105 wsypywane do pier\u015bcienia odwiertu z powierzchni ziemi, zalecamy stosowanie centralizator\u00f3w CMT i \u015brednicy odwiertu co najmniej 5 cali. Daje to instalatorowi wystarczaj\u0105co du\u017co miejsca, aby unikn\u0105\u0107 mostkowania piasku i bentonitu oraz umo\u017cliwia \u0142atwy dost\u0119p do Solinst Tag Line. Podw\u00f3jnie dzia\u0142aj\u0105ce nadmuchiwane pakery Solinst s\u0105 dost\u0119pne na specjalne zam\u00f3wienie do uszczelniania otwor\u00f3w 3%22, 3,7%22 i 4%22. Siedmiokana\u0142owe studnie CMT mog\u0105 by\u0107 instalowane w obudowach o \u015brednicy wewn\u0119trznej 2 cale lub wi\u0119kszej. Instalacje te polegaj\u0105 na zapadaniu si\u0119 formacji wok\u00f3\u0142 rur CMT.    <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_2&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Jakich metod wiercenia mo\u017cna u\u017cy\u0107 do instalacji studni CMT?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Odwierty CMT by\u0142y instalowane w otworach wykonanych przy u\u017cyciu niemal wszystkich rodzaj\u00f3w sprz\u0119tu wiertniczego. Podsumowanie metod i technik wiertniczych do instalacji studni CMT w nieskonsolidowanych warstwach wodono\u015bnych mo\u017cna znale\u017a\u0107 w sekcji Dokumenty i informacje na stronie internetowej Solinst. <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_2&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Jak znale\u017a\u0107 wykonawc\u0119 odwiert\u00f3w, kt\u00f3ry ma do\u015bwiadczenie w instalowaniu studni CMT?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Lista wykonawc\u00f3w odwiert\u00f3w, kt\u00f3rzy maj\u0105 do\u015bwiadczenie w instalowaniu studni CMT, znajduje si\u0119 na naszej stronie internetowej. Je\u015bli masz wykonawc\u0119, z kt\u00f3rym chcia\u0142by\u015b wsp\u00f3\u0142pracowa\u0107, ale kt\u00f3ry jeszcze nie zainstalowa\u0142 studni CMT, popro\u015b wykonawc\u0119 o kontakt z Solinst w celu wyja\u015bnienia r\u00f3\u017cnych opcji instalacji studni CMT przy u\u017cyciu r\u00f3\u017cnych typ\u00f3w sprz\u0119tu wiertniczego. Ch\u0119tnie pomo\u017cemy Tobie i \/ lub Twojemu wykonawcy, aby upewni\u0107 si\u0119, \u017ce studnie CMT zostan\u0105 pomy\u015blnie zainstalowane. Wsparcie telefoniczne jest dost\u0119pne bezp\u0142atnie. Szkolenie na miejscu dla Ciebie i\/lub Twojego kontrahenta jest dost\u0119pne za niewielk\u0105 dodatkow\u0105 op\u0142at\u0105 niezb\u0119dn\u0105 do pokrycia naszego czasu i koszt\u00f3w podr\u00f3\u017cy.    <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_2&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Widzia\u0142em zdj\u0119cia systemu CMT zainstalowanego z pakerami bentonitowymi. Czy s\u0105 one dost\u0119pne w Solinst? &#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Prototypowe pakery bentonitowe by\u0142y u\u017cywane podczas pocz\u0105tkowego rozwoju i testowania systemu CMT. Te uszczelki bentonitowe, opisane w artykule Einarsona i Cherry&apos;ego z 2002 roku, okaza\u0142y si\u0119 zbyt trudne i czasoch\u0142onne do wykonania w terenie. Dlatego zalecamy, aby wszystkie materia\u0142y pier\u015bcieniowe, w tym uszczelki piaskowe i bentonitowe, by\u0142y wylewane z powierzchni w po\u0142\u0105czeniu z centralizatorami systemu CMT.  <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_2&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;S\u0142ysza\u0142em, \u017ce istniej\u0105 nadmuchiwane pakery, kt\u00f3re umo\u017cliwiaj\u0105 tymczasowe lub sta\u0142e instalacje w warstwach wodono\u015bnych. Jak one dzia\u0142aj\u0105? &#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Opracowali\u015bmy nadmuchiwane pakery o podw\u00f3jnym dzia\u0142aniu, kt\u00f3re s\u0105 u\u017cywane do uszczelniania przestrzeni pier\u015bcieniowej mi\u0119dzy rur\u0105 CMT a \u015bcian\u0105 odwiertu w instalacjach skalnych. Podw\u00f3jne dzia\u0142anie polega na tym, \u017ce wn\u0119trze paker\u00f3w rozszerza si\u0119 wraz z ich zewn\u0119trzn\u0105 cz\u0119\u015bci\u0105. Poprzez zastosowanie niewielkiego podci\u015bnienia do paker\u00f3w, wewn\u0119trzna d\u0142awnica nieznacznie si\u0119 rozszerza. Nast\u0119pnie pakery z \u0142atwo\u015bci\u0105 przesuwaj\u0105 si\u0119 po rurce CMT i mo\u017cna je umie\u015bci\u0107 tam, gdzie jest to potrzebne. Po zwolnieniu podci\u015bnienia wewn\u0119trzna d\u0142awnica cofa si\u0119, mocuj\u0105c pakery do rurki CMT. Zaciski s\u0105 przymocowane do paker\u00f3w, aby zapewni\u0107, \u017ce nie b\u0119d\u0105 si\u0119 porusza\u0107, gdy odwiert zostanie wprowadzony do otworu. Rura nadmuchuj\u0105ca \u0142\u0105czy si\u0119 z ka\u017cdym z paker\u00f3w i rozci\u0105ga si\u0119 do powierzchni ziemi. Po ca\u0142kowitym wprowadzeniu odwiertu CMT, pakery s\u0105 nape\u0142niane powietrzem, azotem lub wod\u0105. Napompowanie paker\u00f3w uszczelnia zar\u00f3wno pier\u015bcie\u0144 odwiertu, jak i przestrze\u0144 mi\u0119dzy rurami CMT a pakerami. Zalet\u0105 tego systemu jest to, \u017ce pakery mo\u017cna opr\u00f3\u017cni\u0107, a system usun\u0105\u0107, gdy monitorowanie nie jest ju\u017c potrzebne.         <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_2&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Czy mog\u0119 zainstalowa\u0107 studnie CMT z urz\u0105dzeniami do bezpo\u015bredniego wypychania?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Tak. Wielu wykonawc\u00f3w DP instaluje 7-kana\u0142owe studnie CMT. Odwierty s\u0105 zazwyczaj instalowane wewn\u0105trz pr\u0119t\u00f3w sondy wyposa\u017conych w jednorazowe punkty nap\u0119dowe. Gdy pr\u0119ty sondy zostan\u0105 wysuni\u0119te na \u017c\u0105dan\u0105 g\u0142\u0119boko\u015b\u0107, wprowadzana jest rura CMT. Nast\u0119pnie pr\u0119ty sondy s\u0105 wycofywane, pozostawiaj\u0105c studni\u0119 CMT w ziemi. Wi\u0119kszo\u015b\u0107 tych instalacji przeprowadzono w formacjach piaszczystych, gdzie gleba zapada si\u0119 wok\u00f3\u0142 rur CMT, gdy pr\u0119ty sondy s\u0105 wycofywane. Instalacje w formacjach, kt\u00f3re si\u0119 nie zapadaj\u0105, s\u0105 trudniejsze, zw\u0142aszcza w przypadku sond o ma\u0142ej \u015brednicy. Ma\u0142a \u015brednica wewn\u0119trzna pr\u0119t\u00f3w sondy pozostawia niewiele miejsca na wsypanie materia\u0142\u00f3w pier\u015bcieniowych (tj. piasku i granulek bentonitu) z powierzchni gruntu.       <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_2&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Jaki jest najlepszy spos\u00f3b instalacji poduszek piaskowych i uszczelnie\u0144 pier\u015bcieniowych mi\u0119dzy r\u00f3\u017cnymi monitorowanymi strefami?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Najlepszym sposobem na zainstalowanie uszczelnienia pier\u015bcieniowego jest wlanie go do pier\u015bcienia odwiertu z powierzchni lub u\u017cycie rury tremie. W przypadku instalacji 7-kana\u0142owych odwiert\u00f3w CMT w ten spos\u00f3b, sugerujemy wykonanie odwiertu o \u015brednicy nie mniejszej ni\u017c 5 cali. Otw\u00f3r o \u015brednicy 5 cali lub wi\u0119kszej zapewnia du\u017co miejsca na opadanie piasku i granulek bentonitu na dno otworu bez mostkowania. Nale\u017cy r\u00f3wnie\u017c pami\u0119ta\u0107 o stosowaniu niskoprofilowych centralizator\u00f3w Solinst, aby utrzyma\u0107 rur\u0119 CMT wy\u015brodkowan\u0105 w odwiercie. Centralizatory te zosta\u0142y zaprojektowane w celu zminimalizowania prawdopodobie\u0144stwa mostkowania materia\u0142\u00f3w pier\u015bcieniowych podczas budowy odwiertu. Ponadto warto zastosowa\u0107 p\u0142yt\u0119 kotwi\u0105c\u0105, aby zapobiec podnoszeniu si\u0119 rury CMT w otworze, zw\u0142aszcza gdy obudowa nap\u0119dowa (je\u015bli jest u\u017cywana) jest stopniowo wycofywana z otworu. P\u0142yta kotwi\u0105ca jest przykr\u0119cana bezpo\u015brednio do portu punktu prowadz\u0105cego. Po wprowadzeniu wiertnicy CMT na dno otworu, nale\u017cy umie\u015bci\u0107 warstw\u0119 piasku w najg\u0142\u0119bszej strefie monitorowania, wsypuj\u0105c piasek do pier\u015bcienia, a\u017c osi\u0105gnie on poziom okre\u015blony na schemacie konstrukcyjnym odwiertu. Podczas wsypywania piasku nale\u017cy cz\u0119sto mierzy\u0107 jego g\u0142\u0119boko\u015b\u0107 za pomoc\u0105 urz\u0105dzenia Solinst Model 103 Tag Line. Gwarantuje to, \u017ce pakiet piasku nie znajdzie si\u0119 zbyt wysoko w odwiercie. Gdy pakiet piasku znajdzie si\u0119 powy\u017cej dolnego portu monitorowania, nale\u017cy wsypa\u0107 granulki bentonitu, aby uszczelni\u0107 doln\u0105 stref\u0119 monitorowania i stref\u0119 le\u017c\u0105c\u0105 powy\u017cej. Wykonawcy donosz\u0105 o sukcesach w stosowaniu powlekanych granulek bentonitu do uszczelnie\u0144 pier\u015bcieniowych. Granulat nale\u017cy wsypywa\u0107 powoli i cz\u0119sto mierzy\u0107 g\u0142\u0119boko\u015b\u0107 uszczelnienia za pomoc\u0105 znacznika, aby unikn\u0105\u0107 dodania zbyt du\u017cej ilo\u015bci bentonitu. Kontynuuj dodawanie naprzemiennych warstw piasku i uszczelnie\u0144 bentonitowych, jak opisano powy\u017cej, a\u017c do poziom\u00f3w okre\u015blonych w schemacie konstrukcji odwiertu. Dodatkowe informacje na temat budowy studni CMT znajduj\u0105 si\u0119 w naszej instrukcji instalacji CMT Model 403 (dost\u0119pnej na naszej stronie internetowej).              <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_2&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Nie mam miejsca w miejscu pracy, aby roz\u0142o\u017cy\u0107 rurki w celu oznaczenia i zainstalowania port\u00f3w wlotowych i ekran\u00f3w studni. Jakie mam inne mo\u017cliwo\u015bci? &#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>W przypadku d\u0142ugich rur, np. powy\u017cej 100 st\u00f3p, cz\u0119sto niepraktyczne jest uk\u0142adanie rur na ziemi w miejscu pracy w celu oznaczenia i zainstalowania r\u00f3\u017cnych port\u00f3w wlotowych i ekran\u00f3w studni. Zalecamy wcze\u015bniejsze oznaczenie lokalizacji port\u00f3w na rurze i przywiezienie zwini\u0119tej rury CMT na miejsce pracy. Nast\u0119pnie mo\u017cna zainstalowa\u0107 porty i ekrany w odpowiednich miejscach podczas opuszczania rur CMT do odwiertu. Alternatywnie, system CMT mo\u017cna zbudowa\u0107 w dowolnym miejscu, a nast\u0119pnie zwin\u0105\u0107 i przetransportowa\u0107 na miejsce.   <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_2&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Jak zlikwidowa\u0107 odwierty CMT?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Odwierty CMT mog\u0105 by\u0107 cementowane ci\u015bnieniowo przy u\u017cyciu zawiesiny bentonitowej lub cementowej. Wt\u0142oczony p\u0142yn wype\u0142ni ka\u017cdy kana\u0142 CMT i pakiet piasku przylegaj\u0105cy do ka\u017cdego portu wlotowego. W razie potrzeby studnie CMT mog\u0105 by\u0107 r\u00f3wnie\u017c nawiercane.  <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_2&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][\/dsm_faq][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;developing&#8221; module_id=&#8221;developing&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Opracowywanie, pobieranie pr\u00f3bek, monitorowanie<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][dsm_faq dsm_make_accordion_toggle=&#8221;on&#8221; dsm_animate_icon=&#8221;on&#8221; admin_label=&#8221;developing faq&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;77be2b9f-999b-455f-afb8-d94da1ded8dc&#8221; hover_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; sticky_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243;][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Jaka jest obj\u0119to\u015b\u0107 przedmuchiwania r\u00f3\u017cnych kana\u0142\u00f3w CMT na stop\u0119 rurki?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Ka\u017cdy z 6 zewn\u0119trznych kana\u0142\u00f3w rurki CMT w kszta\u0142cie placka mie\u015bci oko\u0142o 40 ml p\u0142ynu na stop\u0119 liniow\u0105 rurki. \u015arodkowy kana\u0142 mie\u015bci oko\u0142o 30 ml na stop\u0119 liniow\u0105. <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_3&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Co je\u015bli nie chc\u0119 monitorowa\u0107 siedmiu stref? Czy musz\u0119 u\u017cywa\u0107 wszystkich kana\u0142\u00f3w? &#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Nie. Mo\u017cna u\u017cywa\u0107 dowolnej liczby kana\u0142\u00f3w. Nieu\u017cywane kana\u0142y nie maj\u0105 wp\u0142ywu na reszt\u0119 systemu CMT. Niekt\u00f3rzy u\u017cywaj\u0105 dw\u00f3ch kana\u0142\u00f3w do monitorowania pojedynczej strefy. Po\u015bwi\u0119caj\u0105 jeden z kana\u0142\u00f3w na pomp\u0119 Micro Double Valve Pump i u\u017cywaj\u0105 drugiego kana\u0142u do pomiaru poziomu wody. Je\u015bli jednak u\u017cyjesz dw\u00f3ch kana\u0142\u00f3w do monitorowania pojedynczej strefy, zmniejszysz liczb\u0119 dyskretnych stref, kt\u00f3re mo\u017cesz monitorowa\u0107 o 50%.     <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_3&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Jak mierzy\u0107 poziom wody w studniach CMT?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Poziom wody mo\u017cna mierzy\u0107 za pomoc\u0105 ta\u015bm Solinst Model 101 lub Model 102 o ma\u0142ej \u015brednicy. Je\u015bli wymagane jest ci\u0105g\u0142e rejestrowanie poziomu wody, mo\u017cna zainstalowa\u0107 przetworniki Solinst Model PDCR 35\/D Druck. Przetworniki mo\u017cna pod\u0142\u0105czy\u0107 do rejestratora danych na g\u0142owicy odwiertu lub jednostki telemetrycznej w celu zdalnego odczytu z centralnego centrum gromadzenia danych. Przetworniki te pasuj\u0105 tylko do zewn\u0119trznych kana\u0142\u00f3w, a nie do w\u0119\u017cszego kana\u0142u \u015brodkowego.   <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_3&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Jakie s\u0105 najlepsze sposoby czyszczenia i pr\u00f3bkowania studzienek CMT?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Zasadniczo dost\u0119pne s\u0105 3 opcje oczyszczania i pobierania pr\u00f3bek w zastosowaniach o w\u0105skiej \u015brednicy. Pompa perystaltyczna Model 410 mo\u017ce by\u0107 u\u017cywana, gdy wysoko\u015b\u0107 ssania jest mniejsza ni\u017c 25 st\u00f3p (7,5 m). Mo\u017cna r\u00f3wnie\u017c u\u017cy\u0107 mini pompy inercyjnej (MIP) firmy Solinst. MIP wykorzystuje rurk\u0119 wzno\u015bn\u0105 o \u015brednicy 1\/4%22 (6 mm) wyposa\u017con\u0105 w zaw\u00f3r stopowy typu %22push-in%22. Powtarzaj\u0105ce si\u0119 ruchy w g\u00f3r\u0119 i w d\u00f3\u0142 powoduj\u0105 wydobywanie pr\u00f3bki na powierzchni\u0119 z g\u0142\u0119boko\u015bci do 46 m (150 st\u00f3p). Przedmuchiwanie i pobieranie pr\u00f3bek mo\u017cna r\u00f3wnie\u017c wykona\u0107 za pomoc\u0105 pompy model 408M Micro Double Valve, kt\u00f3ra jest idealna do pobierania pr\u00f3bek o niskim przep\u0142ywie. Pompa 408M wykonana jest z elastycznej wsp\u00f3\u0142osiowej rurki o \u015brednicy 3\/8%22 (10 mm) dost\u0119pnej w wersji LDPE do u\u017cytku na g\u0142\u0119boko\u015bci do 15 m (50 st\u00f3p) lub w wersji teflonowej do u\u017cytku na g\u0142\u0119boko\u015bci do 46 m (150 st\u00f3p).    <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_3&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Czy istniej\u0105 jakiekolwiek chemiczne skutki uprzedze\u0144 zwi\u0105zanych z rurkami polietylenowymi lub innymi cz\u0119\u015bciami systemu CMT?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Istniej\u0105 chemiczne odchylenia zwi\u0105zane ze wszystkimi rodzajami studni do monitorowania w\u00f3d gruntowych i pompami do pobierania pr\u00f3bek. Potencjalne odchylenia chemiczne zwi\u0105zane z systemem CMT odnosz\u0105 si\u0119 do (1) u\u017cycia rur polietylenowych i (2) urz\u0105dze\u0144 do pobierania pr\u00f3bek u\u017cywanych do pobierania pr\u00f3bek wody. Hydrofobowe zanieczyszczenia organiczne mog\u0105 sorbowa\u0107 si\u0119 na rurkach polietylenowych, potencjalnie powoduj\u0105c ujemne odchylenie pr\u00f3bkowania. W niekt\u00f3rych sytuacjach te same zwi\u0105zki mog\u0105 dyfundowa\u0107 przez polietylen, albo z zewn\u0105trz studni, albo z s\u0105siednich kana\u0142\u00f3w, potencjalnie powoduj\u0105c dodatnie odchylenie pr\u00f3bkowania w niekt\u00f3rych kana\u0142ach. Potencjalne odchylenia w przypadku zanieczyszcze\u0144 hydrofilowych, np. MTBE lub wi\u0119kszo\u015bci zwi\u0105zk\u00f3w nieorganicznych, s\u0105 minimalne. Dok\u0142adne om\u00f3wienie tych potencjalnych odchyle\u0144 w pobieraniu pr\u00f3bek przedstawiono w artykule Einarsona i Cherry&apos;ego opisuj\u0105cym system CMT, kt\u00f3ry zosta\u0142 opublikowany w jesiennym numerze z 2002 r. w czasopi\u015bmie Groundwater Monitoring and Remediation.       <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_3&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Czy pr\u00f3bki w\u00f3d podziemnych pobrane ze studni CMT s\u0105 tak samo dobre jak pr\u00f3bki pobrane z 2-calowych lub 4-calowych konwencjonalnych studni monitoruj\u0105cych?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Pr\u00f3bki w\u00f3d podziemnych ze studni CMT s\u0105 nie tylko tak dobre, jak pr\u00f3bki pobrane z tradycyjnych studni monitoruj\u0105cych, ale zazwyczaj s\u0105 lepsze! Co najwa\u017cniejsze, pr\u00f3bki ze studni CMT s\u0105 dyskretnymi pr\u00f3bkami z warstwy wodono\u015bnej, a nie pr\u00f3bkami z\u0142o\u017conymi typowymi dla konwencjonalnych studni monitoruj\u0105cych o d\u0142ugim czasie badania. W zwi\u0105zku z tym, je\u015bli st\u0119\u017cenie substancji zanieczyszczaj\u0105cej w pr\u00f3bce pobranej z okre\u015blonego kana\u0142u CMT jest niskie, mo\u017cna mie\u0107 pewno\u015b\u0107, \u017ce st\u0119\u017cenie w warstwie wodono\u015bnej na tej g\u0142\u0119boko\u015bci jest rzeczywi\u015bcie niskie, a nie niskie z powodu rozcie\u0144czenia, jak mo\u017ce mie\u0107 to miejsce w przypadku konwencjonalnej studni monitoruj\u0105cej. Dodatkowa dyskusja na temat b\u0142\u0119d\u00f3w pr\u00f3bkowania zwi\u0105zanych z konwencjonalnymi studniami monitoruj\u0105cymi i zaletami technicznymi wielopoziomowego monitorowania w\u00f3d podziemnych zosta\u0142a przedstawiona w sekcji Dokumenty. Ponadto pr\u00f3bki wody pobrane ze studni CMT s\u0105 cz\u0119sto mniej m\u0119tne ni\u017c pr\u00f3bki pobrane z konwencjonalnych studni monitoruj\u0105cych. Rozmiar szczeliny sita i pakiet piasku w konwencjonalnej studni monitoruj\u0105cej jest cz\u0119sto kompromisem ze wzgl\u0119du na szeroki zakres rozmiar\u00f3w ziaren obecnych w przesiewanym przedziale wi\u0119kszo\u015bci studni. Ekrany studni i pakiet piasku mog\u0105 by\u0107 zbyt ma\u0142e dla grubszych frakcji, ale zbyt du\u017ce dla drobnoziarnistych warstw w strefie ekranowanej. Prowadzi to do wysokiego poziomu zm\u0119tnienia w pr\u00f3bkach wody, poniewa\u017c drobnoziarniste osady nie s\u0105 skutecznie filtrowane przez sita i piaskownik. Z drugiej strony studnie CMT zazwyczaj monitoruj\u0105 kr\u00f3tkie, dyskretne interwa\u0142y w warstwie wodono\u015bnej. Ekran studni i pakiet piasku w ka\u017cdej monitorowanej strefie mo\u017cna zoptymalizowa\u0107 pod k\u0105tem wielko\u015bci ziarna osad\u00f3w w ka\u017cdym przedziale. Ka\u017cdy port wlotowy w studni CMT mo\u017ce mie\u0107 inny rozmiar sita i piaskownika w zale\u017cno\u015bci od litologii materia\u0142\u00f3w warstwy wodono\u015bnej w ka\u017cdej monitorowanej strefie. Ta elastyczno\u015b\u0107 w konstrukcji studni optymalizuje charakterystyk\u0119 filtracji studni CMT, co skutkuje czystymi, pozbawionymi zm\u0119tnienia pr\u00f3bkami wody. Studnie CMT maj\u0105 inne zalety w por\u00f3wnaniu z konwencjonalnymi studniami monitoruj\u0105cymi. Po pierwsze, obj\u0119to\u015b\u0107 oczyszczania studni CMT jest bardzo ma\u0142a. Oznacza to, \u017ce podczas rutynowego pobierania pr\u00f3bek jest mniej zanieczyszczonej wody wymagaj\u0105cej uzdatnienia lub usuni\u0119cia. We\u017amy przypadek 4-strefowej studni CMT, kt\u00f3ra ma porty na g\u0142\u0119boko\u015bci 20, 40, 60 i 80 st\u00f3p. Zak\u0142adaj\u0105c, \u017ce statyczny poziom wody wynosi 10 st\u00f3p poni\u017cej powierzchni ziemi, obj\u0119to\u015b\u0107 wody wymagana do oczyszczenia dwukrotno\u015bci %22obj\u0119to\u015bci obudowy%22 czterech kana\u0142\u00f3w wynosi\u0142aby oko\u0142o 13 litr\u00f3w lub mniej ni\u017c 3,5 galona! Po drugie, studnie CMT wykrywaj\u0105 zmiany ci\u015bnienia piezometrycznego dok\u0142adniej ni\u017c tradycyjne studnie monitoruj\u0105ce. Studnie monitoruj\u0105ce o \u015brednicy dw\u00f3ch lub czterech cali przechowuj\u0105 du\u017co wody w por\u00f3wnaniu do pojedynczych kana\u0142\u00f3w w studni CMT. Du\u017ca ilo\u015b\u0107 wody przechowywanej w konwencjonalnej studni monitoruj\u0105cej oznacza, \u017ce studnia b\u0119dzie wolno reagowa\u0107 na zmiany ci\u015bnienia piezometrycznego w warstwie wodono\u015bnej. Jest to szczeg\u00f3lnie prawdziwe w przypadku formacji o niskiej wydajno\u015bci, gdzie tygodnie, a nawet miesi\u0105ce mog\u0105 by\u0107 wymagane do na\u0142adowania obudowy studni do statycznego poziomu wody. Z drugiej strony, studnie CMT reaguj\u0105 i r\u00f3wnowa\u017c\u0105 si\u0119 szybko ze wzgl\u0119du na ma\u0142\u0105 obj\u0119to\u015b\u0107 r\u00f3\u017cnych kana\u0142\u00f3w.                     <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_3&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;W mojej lokalizacji wyst\u0119puj\u0105 warunki artezyjskie. Czy istnieje spos\u00f3b na pod\u0142\u0105czenie i pobranie pr\u00f3bek z port\u00f3w na g\u0142owicy odwiertu? &#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Tak. Dost\u0119pne s\u0105 specjalne korki rozpr\u0119\u017cne do uszczelniania r\u00f3\u017cnych kana\u0142\u00f3w na g\u0142owicy odwiertu. Korki maj\u0105 opcjonalne zawory, kt\u00f3re pozwalaj\u0105 na pobieranie pr\u00f3bek w\u00f3d gruntowych po prostu przez otwarcie zawor\u00f3w. Do kork\u00f3w na g\u0142owicy odwiertu mo\u017cna r\u00f3wnie\u017c przymocowa\u0107 manometry w celu pomiaru ci\u015bnienia piezometrycznego w ka\u017cdej monitorowanej strefie.   <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_3&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Jak powstaj\u0105 odwierty CMT?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Uda\u0142o nam si\u0119 z powodzeniem oczy\u015bci\u0107 studnie za pomoc\u0105 pomp perystaltycznych i mini pomp bezw\u0142adno\u015bciowych. Oczywi\u015bcie nie mo\u017cna opracowywa\u0107 studni CMT w taki sam spos\u00f3b, jak studni wodoci\u0105gowych, ale ten rodzaj rygorystycznego opracowania nie jest wymagany w przypadku studni monitoruj\u0105cych o ma\u0142ej \u015brednicy. Celem budowy studni CMT, kt\u00f3ry zazwyczaj jest \u0142atwy do osi\u0105gni\u0119cia, jest ustanowienie po\u0142\u0105czenia hydraulicznego z formacj\u0105. Odwiert nie b\u0119dzie w 100% wydajny, ale warto\u015bci ci\u015bnienia hydraulicznego mierzone w odwiercie b\u0119d\u0105 dok\u0142adne, a odwiert dostarczy wi\u0119cej ni\u017c wystarczaj\u0105c\u0105 ilo\u015b\u0107 wody do pobierania pr\u00f3bek (zak\u0142adaj\u0105c, \u017ce formacja jest do\u015b\u0107 przepuszczalna). Je\u015bli doda\u0142e\u015b wod\u0119 podczas wiercenia otworu lub budowy studni, najlepszym sposobem na poradzenie sobie z tym jest po prostu odczekanie kilku dni, a\u017c dodana woda %22sp\u0142ynie%22 w d\u00f3\u0142 gradientu. W przypadku miejsc o typowej pr\u0119dko\u015bci przep\u0142ywu w\u00f3d gruntowych (0,5 do 2 st\u00f3p dziennie), woda dodana podczas wiercenia i\/lub budowy studni b\u0119dzie dryfowa\u0107 z dala od port\u00f3w wlotowych CMT w ci\u0105gu kilku dni. Je\u015bli woda dodana podczas wiercenia ma inn\u0105 przewodno\u015b\u0107 elektryczn\u0105 (EC) ni\u017c woda formacyjna, mo\u017cna monitorowa\u0107 EC w wodzie pompowanej z odwiertu, aby potwierdzi\u0107, \u017ce woda wiertnicza znikn\u0119\u0142a. Niekt\u00f3rzy konsultanci dodali bromek potasu (oboj\u0119tny znacznik powszechnie stosowany w badaniach w\u00f3d gruntowych) jako znacznik do wody wiertniczej\/budowlanej, a nast\u0119pnie monitorowali wod\u0119 p\u0142ucz\u0105c\u0105 w studni CMT za pomoc\u0105 elektrody specyficznej dla bromku, aby sprawdzi\u0107, czy woda wiertnicza nie znajduje si\u0119 ju\u017c w pobli\u017cu studni CMT przed pobraniem pr\u00f3bek. Skontaktuj si\u0119 z nami, aby uzyska\u0107 szczeg\u00f3\u0142owe informacje.        <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_3&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][\/dsm_faq][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><span>\u00ae Solinst i CMT s\u0105 zastrze\u017conymi znakami towarowymi firmy Solinst Canada Ltd.<\/span><br role=\"presentation\" data-uw-rm-sr=\"\"><span>*Patenty #6,865,933 B1, #6,758,274 B2, #2,260,587, #6,581,682, #2,347,702 i #2,381,807.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column_inner][\/et_pb_row_inner][et_pb_row_inner _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221;][et_pb_column_inner saved_specialty_column_type=&#8221;3_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221;][et_pb_code _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; admin_label=&#8221;Schema.org FAQ Snippet&#8221; hover_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243; sticky_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243;]<script type=\"application\/ld+json\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  \"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  \"@type\": \"FAQPage\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  \"mainEntity\": [{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"Can segments of the CMT tubing be coupled together?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"No. The system is designed to be installed in one continuous length, thus eliminating the possibility of leakage at joints.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"Are CMT wells accepted by regulators? How do I convince my regulator that the system yields reliable data?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"Based on what we hear, an emphatic YES! However, the system is still new to many people, including many State and local regulators. Once they are introduced to the system, though, most regulators whole-heartedly support the use of CMT wells. They look forward to the better plume definition afforded with multi-level monitoring, especially compared to the composite samples from long-screened monitoring wells that they have had to settle for in the past. A common concern expressed by the regulatory community is the integrity of the borehole annular seals that prevent vertical movement of groundwater between different zones. This is one of the key advantages of the CMT System. Unlike nested wells where several casings are placed in a single borehole, there is only one casing \u2013 or more accurately, one tube \u2013 in the borehole with the CMT System. This simplifies the installation and improves the reliability of annular seals installed between the various monitored zones. Another concern expressed by some regulators is the quality of the groundwater samples collected from CMT wells. The best way to inform your regulator of the advantages of multilevel monitoring using the CMT System is to direct them to the recently published paper on the CMT System authored by its inventors, Murray Einarson and John Cherry. That paper (Einarson and Cherry, GWMR Fall 2002) can be downloaded from our website.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"Are there any chemical affects or biases associated with the polyethylene tubing or other parts of the CMT system?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"Here are chemical biases associated with all types of groundwater monitoring wells and sampling pumps. Potential chemical biases associated with the CMT system relate to (1) the use of polyethylene tubing and (2) the sampling devices used to collect water samples. Hydrophobic organic contaminants can sorb to the polyethylene tubing, potentially causing a negative sampling bias. In some situations, those same compounds can diffuse through the polyethylene, either from outside of the well or from adjacent channels, potentially causing a positive sampling bias in some channels. Potential biases with hydrophyllic contaminants, e.g. MTBE or most inorganic compounds is minimal. A thorough discussion of these potential sampling biases is presented in the Einarson and Cherry Paper describing the CMT system that was published in the Fall 2002 issue of Groundwater Monitoring and Remediation. (See the Papers Section of this web site.)\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"Why is the system not available in Teflon\u00ae?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"We explored the idea of making CMT tubing out of Teflon but rejected it for a couple of reasons. First, Teflon is a difficult polymer to work with and it is not possible to extrude Teflon in the shape of the current CMT system. Second, Teflon is very expensive, which would drive the cost of the CMT system up by as much as ten-fold. Finally, Teflon isn't immune to sampling biases; hydrophobic VOCs can diffuse through the walls of Teflon tubing just as they can through the walls of polyethylene tubing.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"How are CMT wells diffferent than \\\"nested wells\\\"?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"CMT wells are indeed very different than \\\"nested wells\\\". In fact, the CMT System was designed in part because of the problems inherent with nested wells. Nested wells are multilevel wells that have multiple casings in a single borehole. That type of well construction was popular in the 1970s and early 1980s. However, the use of nested wells is strongly discouraged by US EPA and other regulatory agencies because of the many documented cases where poor seals between the casings led to cross-connection of the various monitored zones. Most boreholes are not perfectly straight or plumb, and the casings inevitably end up lying against each other in some portions of the borehole. Bentonite pellets and\/or cement grouts may not completely fill in the spaces between the casings, resulting in void spaces that allow cross-communication between the different monitoring zones. In areas where nested wells are still allowed, there are usually requirements that spacers be used to keep the various casings apart in the borehole. There is usually also a requirement that 2-inch annular seals be installed between each of the individual well casings. This requirement results in boreholes that must be 12 inches in diameter or larger. The increased cost of the larger boreholes quickly makes nested wells less attractive than clusters of individual wells, especially when the uncertainty of the annular seals is factored in. With the CMT System, the various monitoring channels are inside the CMT tubing. Thus, there is only one, smooth-walled tube within the borehole. The tubing is centered inside the borehole using Solinst's low-profile centralizers, and 2-inch-thick annular seals can be installed easily and reliably in a single borehole as small as 5.6 inches in diameter.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"Do CMT wells comply with state and county well construction standards?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"Well construction standards vary from region to region, but CMT wells should be in full compliance with well construction standards in most areas. Many states and counties require a 2 inch annular seal between the well casing and borehole wall. That is easily achieved with CMT wells. Given the relatively small diameter of the system (1.6 inches), the requirement for a 2 inch seal is met by installing the system in a borehole that is 5.6 inches in diameter or larger. Low-profile centralizers ensure that CMT wells are centered in the borehole and that the sealing material fills the space surrounding the CMT tubing evenly.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"What is the purge volume of the various CMT channels per foot of tubing?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"The outer 6 pie-shaped channels of the CMT tubing each hold 40 ml of fluid per linear foot of tubing. The central channel holds approximately 30 ml per linear foot.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"Why is the CMT System less expensive than other multilevel systems?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"There are a couple of reasons for this. First, the tubing is made of high-density polyethylene (HDPE), which is an inexpensive material that is commonly used for environmental sampling. Second, there are no joints in the tubing; the tubing is continuous from the ground surface to the bottom of the borehole. Joints increase the cost of monitoring wells because they require sophisticated design and careful machining to maintain tensile strength and prevent leakage.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"What papers or guidance documents have been published that describe the CMT System?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"Several papers describing the CMT multilevel monitoring system have been published and more are being published all the time. The most complete description of the CMT System is contained in a technical paper published in the Fall 2002 issue of Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation (Einarson and Cherry, 2002). Note, however, that several improvements to the system have been made since that paper was written. The CMT System is also described in the American Petroleum Institute's 2000 guidance document titled \\\"Strategies for Characterizing Sites with Releases of MTBE and other Fuel Oxygenates\\\". These documents and others can be downloaded from the Papers section of our website.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"Does the Waterloo Multilevel System have any advantages over the CMT System?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"Yes, the Waterloo System is more suitable for deeper applications, applications that require special materials, such as stainless steel or Teflon and for applications which require dedicated pumps and pressure transducers in up to 8 zones.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"I don't have room at my job site to lay out the tubing in order to mark and install the intake ports and well screens. What other options do I have?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"For long lengths of tubing, e.g. greater than 100 feet, it is often impractical to lay the tubing on the ground at the job site in order to mark and install the various intake ports and well screens. We recommend that you mark the locations of the ports on the tubing ahead of time and bring the coiled CMT tubing to the jobsite. You can then install the ports and well screens at the proper locations as you are lowering the CMT tubing into the borehole. Alternatively, the CMT System can be built anywhere that room is available, then coiled and transported to the site.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"Why is the CMT tubing not available in larger diameters?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"We explored making the CMT tubing in larger diameters, but found that doing so had undesirable results. First, increasing the diameter of the tubing resulted in a decrease in the collapse strength of the tubing. Second, the larger-diameter tubing was more difficult to coil, and could not be coiled in diameters small enough to ship with common carriers. Rather than make the tubing larger, we developed water level measuring tapes and sampling pumps that would easily fit down all of the channels of the existing CMT tubing. See Model 101M and Model 102 Water Level Meters.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"What is the history of the CMT System?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"The CMT system was originally developed by Murray Einarson while he was a graduate student at the University of Waterloo in Ontario, Canada. At the time Murray was a partner in the California-based company, Precision Sampling, which retained ownership of the CMT patent rights until Precision was sold to Conor Pacific Environmental in 1998. In 1999, Murray obtained sole ownership of the patent rights from Conor Pacific and signed an agreement with Solinst, giving them exclusive world-wide rights to manufacture and sell the system. Since that time, Solinst has further developed the CMT System, designing reliable mechanical seals for each channel, a guide point port to allow easy access to the central channel, and a set of specialized tools to simplify system assembly.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"How many CMT wells have been installed to date?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"Thousands of CMT wells have been installed on four continents around the world. CMT wells have been installed in most states in the US and in Canada, the UK, Italy, Singapore, and South Africa.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"Can CMT wells be used for soil gas sampling?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"Yes. Special fittings are available to collect soil gas samples from all channels of the CMT tubing. Contact us for details.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"What kind of hydraulic tests can I perform in CMT wells?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"CMT wells make ideal multilevel observation wells during groundwater pumping tests. Hydraulic tests have also been performed in the wells themselves. Most tests performed in CMT wells performed to date have been slug tests where compressed air is used to depress the water level in the test zone. The compressed air is suddenly released, and the recovery of the interval is monitored by measuring the rising water level over time. Small diameter transducers greatly simplify monitoring of the water level recovery, especially in coarse-grained formations that recover quickly. A good source of information pertaining to hydraulic testing in small-diameter wells can be found at the University of Kansas website: http:\/\/www.geo.ku.edu\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"Are groundwater samples collected from CMT wells as good as samples collected from 2-inch or 4-inch conventional monitoring wells?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"Groundwater samples from CMT wells are not only as good as samples collected from traditional monitoring wells, they are usually better! Most importantly, samples from CMT wells are discrete samples from the aquifer, not composite samples typical of long-screened conventional monitoring wells. Consequently, if the concentration of a contaminant in a sample collected from a particular CMT channel is low, you can be confident that the concentration in the aquifer at that depth is indeed low, rather than being low because of dilution as may be the case with a conventional monitoring well. Additional discussion of the sampling biases associated with conventional monitoring wells and the technical advantages of multilevel groundwater monitoring is presented in our Papers Section. In addition, water samples collected from CMT wells are often less turbid than samples collected from conventional monitoring wells. The screen slot size and sand pack of a conventional monitoring well is often a compromise owing to the wide range of grain sizes present within the screened interval of most wells. The well screens and sand pack may be too small for the coarser fraction, but too large for the fine-grained layers within the screened zone. This leads to high levels of turbidity in the water samples since the fine-grained sediments are not effectively filtered by the well screens and sand pack. CMT wells, on the other hand, typically monitor short, discrete intervals in an aquifer. The well screen and sand pack in each monitored zone can be optimized for the grain size of the sediments within each interval. Each intake port in a CMT well can have a different well screen and sand pack size depending on the lithology of the aquifer materials in each monitored zone. This flexibility in well construction optimizes the filtration characteristics of the CMT well, resulting in clear, turbidity-free water samples. CMT wells have other advantages over conventional monitoring wells. First, the purge volume of CMT wells is very small. That means that there is less contaminated water requiring treatment or disposal during routine sampling. Take the case of a 4-zone CMT well that has ports at depths of 20, 40, 60, and 80 feet. Assuming that the static water level is 10 feet below the ground surface, the volume of water required to purge two times the \\\"casing volume\\\" of the four channels would be about 7 liters or less than 2 gallons! Second, CMT wells detect changes in piezometric pressure more accurately than traditional monitoring wells. Two- or 4-inch-diameter monitoring wells store a lot of water compared to the individual channels in a CMT well. The large amount of water stored in a conventional monitoring well means that the well will be slow to respond to changes in piezometric pressure in the aquifer. This is especially true in low-yield formations, where weeks and even months may be required to fill the well casings to the static water level. CMT wells, on the other hand, respond and equilibrate quickly because of the low volume of the various channels.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"How are CMT wells different than \\\"nested wells\\\"?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"CMT wells are indeed very different than \\\"nested wells\\\". In fact, the CMT System was designed in part because of the problems inherent with nested wells. Nested wells are multilevel wells that have multiple casings in a single borehole. That type of well construction was popular in the 1970s and early 1980s. However, the use of nested wells is strongly discouraged by US EPA and other regulatory agencies because of the many documented cases where poor seals between the casings led to cross-connection of the various monitored zones.<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->Most boreholes are not perfectly straight or plumb, and the casings inevitably end up lying against each other in some portions of the borehole. Bentonite pellets and\/or cement grouts may not completely fill in the spaces between the casings, resulting in void spaces that allow cross-communication between the different monitoring zones. In areas where nested wells are still allowed, there are usually requirements that spacers be used to keep the various casings apart in the borehole. There is usually also a requirement that 2-inch annular seals be installed between each of the individual well casings. This requirement results in boreholes that must be 12 inches in diameter or larger. The increased cost of the larger boreholes quickly makes nested wells less attractive than clusters of individual wells, especially when the uncertainty of the annular seals is factored in. With the CMT System, the various monitoring channels are inside the CMT tubing. Thus, there is only one, smooth-walled tube within the borehole. The tubing is centered inside the borehole using Solinst's low-profile centralizers, and 2-inch-thick annular seals can be installed easily and reliably in a single borehole as small as 5.6 inches in diameter.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"Do CMT wells comply with state and county well construction standards?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"Well construction standards vary from region to region, but CMT wells should be in full compliance with well construction standards in most areas. Many states and counties require a 2 inch annular seal between the well casing and borehole wall. That is easily achieved with CMT wells. Given the relatively small diameter of the system (1.6 inches), the requirement for a 2 inch seal is met by installing the system in a borehole that is 5.6 inches in diameter or larger. Low-profile centralizers ensure that CMT wells are centered in the borehole and that the sealing material fills the space surrounding the CMT tubing evenly.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"Are CMT wells accepted by regulators? How do I convince my regulator that the System yields reliable data?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"Based on what we hear, an emphatic YES! However, the system is still new to many people, including many State and local regulators. Once they are introduced to the system, though, most regulators whole-heartedly support the use of CMT wells. They look forward to the better plume definition afforded with multi-level monitoring, especially compared to the composite samples from long-screened monitoring wells that they have had to settle for in the past. A common concern expressed by the regulatory community is the integrity of the borehole annular seals that prevent vertical movement of groundwater between different zones. This is one of the key advantages of the CMT System. Unlike nested wells where several casings are placed in a single borehole, there is only one casing - or more accurately, one tube - in the borehole with the CMT System. This simplifies the installation and improves the reliability of annular seals installed between the various monitored zones. Another concern expressed by some regulators is the quality of the groundwater samples collected from CMT wells. Until recently, the only way to sample CMT wells was with a Peristaltic Pump or Mini Inertial Pump. Now Solinst has a Micro Double Valve Pump and sample integrity is no longer an issue. Several government and university studies show that pneumatic pumps like the Micro Double Valve pump yield very high quality groundwater samples. The best way to inform your regulator of the advantages of multilevel monitoring using the CMT System is to direct them to the recently published paper on the CMT System authored by its inventors, Murray Einarson and John Cherry. That paper (Einarson and Cherry, GWMR Fall 2002) can be downloaded from our website.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"What papers or guidance documents have been published that describe the CMT System?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"Several papers describing the CMT multilevel monitoring system have been published and more are being published all the time. The most complete description of the CMT system is contained in a technical paper published in the fall 2002 issue of Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation (Einarson and Cherry, 2002). Note, however, that several improvements to the system have been made since that paper was written. The CMT system is also described in the American Petroleum Institute's 2000 guidance document titled \\\"Strategies for Characterizing Sites with Releases of MTBE and other Fuel Oxygenates.\\\" These documents and others can be downloaded from the Papers section of our website.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"What is the maximum depth that CMT wells can be installed?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"CMT wells have been installed to a maximum depth of 260 feet. Stock coil lengths are 100 ft, 200 ft & 300 ft. On special order 400 ft coils are available.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"Can segments of the CMT tubing be coupled together?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"No. The system is designed to be installed in one continuous length, thus eliminating the possibility of leakage at joints.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"What if I don't want to monitor seven zones? Do I have to use all the channels?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"No. You can use as many or as few as you like. Unused channels do not affect the rest of the CMT System. Some people use two channels to monitor a single zone. They dedicate one of the channels to a Micro Double Valve Pump and use the other channel for measuring water levels. If you use two channels to monitor a single zone, however, you will reduce the number of discrete zones that you can monitor by 50%.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"What papers or guidance documents have been published that describe the CMT System?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"Several papers describing the CMT multilevel monitoring system have been published and more are being published all the time. The most complete description of the CMT system is contained in a technical paper published in the fall 2002 issue of Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation (Einarson and Cherry, 2002). Note, however, that several improvements to the system have been made since that paper was written. The CMT system is also described in the American Petroleum Institute's 2000 guidance document titled 'Strategies for Characterizing Sites with Releases of MTBE and other Fuel Oxygenates.'\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"Is there a minimum borehole diameter that should be used for CMT wells?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"For installations where sand and bentonite pellets are poured into the borehole annulus from the ground surface, we recommend using CMT centralizers and a borehole diameter of at least 5 inches. That gives the well installer ample space to avoid bridging the sand and bentonite and allows easy access for the Solinst Tag Line. Solinst Double Acting Inflatable Packers are available, by special order, to seal 3\\\", 3.7\\\" and 4\\\" boreholes. Seven-channel CMT wells can be installed through direct-push casing having an inside diameter (ID) of 2 inches or larger. These installations rely on the formation collapsing around the CMT tubing.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"What kinds of drilling methods can be usd to install CMT wells?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"CMT wells have been installed in boreholes created with nearly all types of drilling equipment. A summary of Drilling Methods & Techniques for installing CMT wells in Unconsolidated Aquifers can be found in the Papers & Information section of the Solinst website.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"How do I find a drilling contractor who has experience installing CMT wells?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"A listing of drilling contractors who have experience installing CMT wells is included on our website. If you have a contractor that you would like to work with but who has not yet installed a CMT well, please have the contractor contact Solinst to explain the various options for installing CMT wells with different types of drilling equipment. We are happy to assist you and\/or your contractor to make sure that your CMT wells are installed successfully. Telephone support is available at no cost. On-site training for you and\/or your contractor is available for a small additional fee necessary to cover our time and travel costs.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"I've seen pictures of the CMT System installed with bentonite packers. Are they available from Solinst?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"Prototype bentonite packers were used during the initial development and testing of the CMT system. Those bentonite seals, which are described in the 2002 Einarson and Cherry paper, proved to be too difficult and time-consuming to construct in the field. Therefore, we recommend that all annular materials, including sand pack and bentonite seals, be poured from the surface in conjunction with CMT System Centralizers.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"I've heard that inflatable packers exist that allow for temporary or permanent installations in bedrock aquifers. How do they work?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"We have developed Double-Acting Inflatable Packers that are used to seal the annular space between the CMT tubing and the borehole wall in bedrock installations. They are \\\"double acting\\\" in that the inside of the packers expand along with the outside of the packers. By applying a small vacuum to the packers, the inner gland expands slightly. The packers then slide easily over the CMT tubing and can be positioned where needed. When the vacuum is released, the inner gland retracts, securing the packers to the CMT tubing. Clamps are attached to the packers to ensure that they don't move when the well is inserted into the borehole. An inflation tube connects to each of the packers and extends to the ground surface. When the CMT well is fully inserted, the packers are inflated with air, nitrogen, or water. Inflating the packers seals both the borehole annulus and the space between the CMT tubing and the packers. An advantage of this system is that the packers can be deflated and the system removed when monitoring is no longer needed.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"Can I install CMT wells with direct-push equipment?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"Yes. Many DP contractors are installing 7-Channel CMT wells. The wells are typically installed inside of probe rods equipped with disposable drive points. Once the probe rods have been advanced to the desired depth, the CMT tubing is inserted. Then, the probe rods are retracted, leaving the CMT well in the ground. Most of these installations have been in sandy formations where the soil collapses around the CMT tubing when the probe rods are retracted. Installations in formations that do not collapse are more difficult, especially with small-diameter probe rods. The small inside diameter of the probe rods leaves little space to pour annular materials (i.e. sand and bentonite pellets) from the ground surface.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"What is the best way to install sand packs and annular seals between the various monitored zones?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"The best way to install sand pack and annular seals is by pouring them into the borehole annulus from the surface or using a tremie pipe. When installing 7-Channel CMT wells this way, we suggest that you have a borehole no smaller than 5 inches in diameter. A borehole 5 inches in diameter or larger allows plenty of room for sand and bentonite pellets to fall to the bottom of the borehole without bridging. Also, be sure to use Solinst's low-profile centralizers to keep the CMT tubing centered in the borehole. These centralizers have been designed to minimize the likelihood of bridging the annular materials when building the well. Also, you may want to use an Anchor Plate to keep the CMT from rising up in the borehole, especially when drive casing (if used) is incrementally withdrawn from the borehole. The Anchor Plate is bolted directly to the Guide Point Port. After you have inserted the CMT well to the bottom of the hole, place a sandpack across the deepest monitoring zone by pouring sand into the annulus until it comes up to the level specified in your well construction design diagram. Be sure to measure the depth of the sand pack frequently with Solinst's Model 103 Tag Line while you are pouring the sand. This ensures that you don't bring the sand pack too high up in the borehole. Once the sand pack is above the bottom monitoring port, pour bentonite pellets to make a seal between the bottom monitoring zone and the overlying one. Contractors have reported good success using coated bentonite pellets for the annular seals. Pour the pellets slowly, and measure the depth of the seal frequently with the tag line to avoid adding too much bentonite. Continue adding alternating layers of sand pack and bentonite seals as described above, up to the levels specified in your well construction design diagram. Additional information about constructing CMT wells is presented in our Model 403 CMT Installation Manual (available on our site).\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"I don't have room at my job site to lay out the tubing in order to mark and install the intake ports and well screens. What other options do I have?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"For long lengths of tubing, e.g. greater than 100 feet, it is often impractical to lay the tubing on the ground at the job site in order to mark and install the various intake ports and well screens. We recommend that you mark the locations of the ports on the tubing ahead of time and bring the coiled CMT tubing to the jobsite. You can then install the ports and well screens at the proper locations as you are lowering the CMT tubing into the borehole. Alternatively, the CMT System can be built anywhere that room is available, then coiled and transported to the site.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"How do I decommission CMT wells?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"CMT wells can be pressure grouted using a bentonite or cement slurry. The injected fluid will fill each CMT channel and the sand pack adjacent to each intake port. CMT wells can also be over drilled if necessary.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"What is the purge volume of the various CMT channels per foot of tubing?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"The outer 6 pie-shaped channels of the CMT tubing each hold about 40 ml of fluid per linear foot of tubing. The central channel holds approximately 30 ml per linear foot.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"What if I don't want to monitor seven zones? Do I have to use all the channels?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"No. You can use as many or as few as you like. Unused channels do not affect the rest of the CMT System. Some people use two channels to monitor a single zone. They dedicate one of the channels to a Micro Double Valve Pump and use the other channel for measuring water levels. If you use two channels to monitor a single zone, however, you will reduce the number of discrete zones that you can monitor by 50%.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"How do I measure water levels inside CMT wells?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"Water levels can be measured with Solinst's Model 101 or Model 102 small-diameter water level tapes. If continuous recording of water levels is desired, you can install Solinst's Model PDCR 35\/D Druck transducers. The transducers can be connected to a wellhead datalogger or a telemetry unit for remote reading from a central data collection center. These transducers will only fit inside the outer channels and not the narrower center channel.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"What are the best ways to purge and sample CMT wells?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"You basically have 3 choices for purging and sampling in narrow diameter applications. The Model 410 Peristaltic Pump can be used where the suction lift is less than 25 ft (7.5 m). Solinst's Mini Inertial Pump (MIP) can also be used. The MIP uses 1\/4\\\" (6mm) dia. riser tubing fitted with a \\\"push-in\\\" foot valve. Repeated up and down strokes brings the sample to surface from depths up to 150 ft. (46m). Purge & sampling can also be done with the Model 408M Micro Double Valve pump which is ideal for low flow sampling. The 408M is made of 3\/8\\\" (10mm) dia. flexible coaxial tubing available in LDPE for use to 50 ft. (15m) or Teflon for use down to 150 ft. (46m) The 408M uses a drive gas which is delivered through a controller.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"Are there any chemical affects of biases associated with the polyethylene tubing or other parts of the CMT system?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"There are chemical biases associated with all types of groundwater monitoring wells and sampling pumps. Potential chemical biases associated with the CMT system relate to (1) the use of polyethylene tubing and (2) the sampling devices used to collect water samples. Hydrophobic organic contaminants can sorb to the polyethylene tubing, potentially causing a negative sampling bias. In some situations, those same compounds can diffuse through the polyethylene, either from outside of the well or from adjacent channels, potentially causing a positive sampling bias in some channels. Potential biases with hydrophyllic contaminants, e.g. MTBE or most inorganic compounds is minimal. A thorough discussion of these potential sampling biases is presented in the Einarson and Cherry Paper describing the CMT system that was published in the Fall 2002 issue of Groundwater Monitoring and Remediation.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"Are groundwater samples collected from CMT wells as good as samples collected from 2-inch or 4-inch conventional monitoring wells?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"Groundwater samples from CMT wells are not only as good as samples collected from traditional monitoring wells, they are usually better! Most importantly, samples from CMT wells are discrete samples from the aquifer, not composite samples typical of long-screened conventional monitoring wells. Consequently, if the concentration of a contaminant in a sample collected from a particular CMT channel is low, you can be confident that the concentration in the aquifer at that depth is indeed low, rather than being low because of dilution as may be the case with a conventional monitoring well. Additional discussion of the sampling biases associated with conventional monitoring wells and the technical advantages of multilevel groundwater monitoring is presented in our Papers Section. In addition, water samples collected from CMT wells are often less turbid than samples collected from conventional monitoring wells. The screen slot size and sand pack of a conventional monitoring well is often a compromise owing to the wide range of grain sizes present within the screened interval of most wells. The well screens and sand pack may be too small for the coarser fraction, but too large for the fine-grained layers within the screened zone. This leads to high levels of turbidity in the water samples since the fine-grained sediments are not effectively filtered by the well screens and sand pack. CMT wells, on the other hand, typically monitor short, discrete intervals in an aquifer. The well screen and sand pack in each monitored zone can be optimized for the grain size of the sediments within each interval. Each intake port in a CMT well can have a different well screen and sand pack size depending on the lithology of the aquifer materials in each monitored zone. This flexibility in well construction optimizes the filtration characteristics of the CMT well, resulting in clear, turbidity-free water samples. CMT wells have other advantages over conventional monitoring wells. First, the purge volume of CMT wells is very small. That means that there is less contaminated water requiring treatment or disposal during routine sampling. Take the case of a 4-zone CMT well that has ports at depths of 20, 40, 60, and 80 feet. Assuming that the static water level is 10 feet below the ground surface, the volume of water required to purge two times the \\\"casing volume\\\" of the four channels would be about 13 liters or less than 3.5 gallons! Second, CMT wells detect changes in piezometric pressure more accurately than traditional monitoring wells. Two- or 4-inch-diameter monitoring wells store a lot of water compared to the individual channels in a CMT well. The large amount of water stored in a conventional monitoring well means that the well will be slow to respond to changes in piezometric pressure in the aquifer. This is especially true in low-yield formations, where weeks and even months may be required to recharge the well casings to the static water level. CMT wells, on the other hand, respond and equilibrate quickly because of the low volume of the various channels.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"I have flowing artesian conditions at my site. Do you have a way to plug and sample the ports at the wellhead?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"Yes. Special expansion plugs are available to seal the various channels at the wellhead. The plugs have optional valves which allow you to collect groundwater samples simply by opening the valves. Pressure gauges can also be attached to the plugs at the wellhead in order to measure the piezometric pressures in each monitored zone.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"How do I develop CMT wells?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"We have had good success purging the wells with Peristaltic Pumps and Mini Inertial Pumps. You cannot, of course, develop CMT wells the way you would a water supply well, but that type of rigorous development isn't required with small-diameter monitoring wells. The goal of developing CMT wells, which is usually easily achieved, is to establish hydraulic connection with the formation. The well won't be 100% efficient, but the hydraulic head values measured in the well will be accurate, and the well will yield more than enough water to sample (assuming that the formation is reasonably permeable). If you added water when drilling the borehole or constructing the well, the best way of dealing with this is to simply wait several days for the water you've added to \\\"drift\\\" down gradient. For sites with typical groundwater velocities (0.5 to 2 feet per day), the water added during drilling and\/or well construction will have drifted away from the CMT intake ports in several days. If the water added during drilling has a different electrical conductivity (EC) than the formation water, you can monitor the EC in water pumped from the well to confirm that the drill water is gone. Some consultants have added potassium bromide (an inert tracer commonly used in groundwater research) as a tracer to the drill\/construction water and then monitored the purge water in the CMT well with a bromide-specific electrode to verify that the drill water is no longer in the vicinity of the CMT well prior to collecting samples. Contact us for details.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  }]<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->}<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><\/script>[\/et_pb_code][\/et_pb_column_inner][\/et_pb_row_inner][et_pb_row_inner _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;3676f7e6-7b83-4698-94ce-2cc9fa9ae43d&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px|||||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column_inner saved_specialty_column_type=&#8221;3_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_button button_url=&#8221;https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/products\/multilevel-systems-and-remediation\/403-cmt-multilevel-system\/get-quote.php&#8221; button_text=&#8221;Uzyskaj wycen\u0119&#8221; admin_label=&#8221;403 get quote&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;c9e00792-1360-4998-8cf9-5f6772c944ba&#8221; global_module=&#8221;3396&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_button][dsm_menu title=&#8221;Powi\u0105zane produkty&#8221; menu_id=&#8221;37&#8243; submenu_collapse=&#8221;on&#8221; menu_link_text_color=&#8221;#000000&#8243; active_link_color=&#8221;#000000&#8243; menu_link_text_active_color=&#8221;#000000&#8243; menu_link_text_visited_color=&#8221;#000000&#8243; list_style_type=&#8221;none&#8221; disabled_on=&#8221;off|off|on&#8221; admin_label=&#8221;403 Related Products Mobile&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; header_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; header_text_align=&#8221;left&#8221; header_text_color=&#8221;#000000&#8243; header_font_size=&#8221;20px&#8221; menu_font_size=&#8221;16px&#8221; sub_menu_text_color=&#8221;#727272&#8243; background_color=&#8221;#fcfcfc&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;10px|10px|10px|10px|false|false&#8221; sticky_limit_bottom=&#8221;body&#8221; sticky_position_tablet=&#8221;none&#8221; sticky_position_phone=&#8221;none&#8221; sticky_position_last_edited=&#8221;on|tablet&#8221; border_width_all=&#8221;1px&#8221; border_color_all=&#8221;#e0e0e0&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; active_link_color__hover_enabled=&#8221;on|hover&#8221; active_link_color__hover=&#8221;#d1d1d1&#8243;][\/dsm_menu][\/et_pb_column_inner][\/et_pb_row_inner][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; admin_label=&#8221;Adobe Analytics Code&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;||4px|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_code admin_label=&#8221;Kod AA dla tej strony&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<!-- SiteCatalyst code version: H.21. Copyright 1996-2010 Adobe, Inc. All Rights Reserved More info available at http:\/\/www.omniture.com --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><script language=\"JavaScript\" type=\"text\/javascript\" src=\"\/\/www.solinst.com\/s_code.js\"><\/script><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><script language=\"JavaScript\" type=\"text\/javascript\"><!--<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.pageName=\"403 faq\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.server=\"\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.channel=\"products\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.pageType=\"\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.prop1=\"multilevels and remediation\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.prop2=\"403 cmt system\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.prop3=\"403 faq\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.prop4=\"\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.prop5=\"\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.prop6=\"\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.prop7=\"\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.prop8=\"\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.prop9=\"\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.prop10=\"\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.prop11=\"\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.prop12=\"\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.prop13=\"\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.prop14=\"\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.prop15=\"\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.prop16=\"\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.prop17=\"\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.prop18=\"\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.prop19=\"\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.prop20=\"\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.prop21=\"\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.prop22=\"\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.prop23=\"\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.prop24=\"\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.prop25=\"\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.prop26=\"\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.prop27=\"\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.prop28=\"\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.prop29=\"\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.prop30=\"\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.prop31=\"\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.prop32=\"\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.prop33=\"\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.hier1=\"solinst:products:multilevels and remediation:403 cmt system:403 faq\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->\/* Conversion Variables *\/<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.campaign=\"\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.events=\"\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.eVar1=\"\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.eVar2=\"\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.eVar3=\"\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.eVar4=\"\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.eVar5=\"\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.eVar6=\"\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.eVar7=\"\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.eVar8=\"\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.eVar9=\"\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.eVar10=\"\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.eVar11=\"\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.eVar12=\"\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.eVar13=\"\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.eVar14=\"\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.eVar15=\"\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.eVar16=\"\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.eVar17=\"\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.state=\"\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->s.zip=\"\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->\/************* DO NOT ALTER ANYTHING BELOW THIS LINE ! **************\/<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->var s_code=s.t();if(s_code)document.write(s_code)\/\/--><\/script><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><script language=\"JavaScript\" type=\"text\/javascript\"><!--<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->if(navigator.appVersion.indexOf('MSIE')>=0)document.write(unescape('%3C')+'!-'+'-')<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->\/\/--><\/script><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><noscript><a href=\"https:\/\/www.omniture.com\" title=\"Analityka internetowa\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/solinst.d2.sc.omtrdc.net\/b\/ss\/solinst-prod\/1\/H.21--NS\/0\" height=\"1\" width=\"1\" border=\"0\" alt=\"\"><\/a><\/noscript><!--\/DO NOT REMOVE\/--><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><!-- End SiteCatalyst code version: H.21. -->[\/et_pb_code][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>System wielopoziomowy CMT FAQ: Cz\u0119sto zadawane pytania<div class=\"et_pb_module dsm_breadcrumbs dsm_breadcrumbs_0\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_module_inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<nav class=\"dsm_breadcrumbs_wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"dsm_breadcrumbs\" itemscope itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BreadcrumbList\">\t\t\t<li class=\"dsm_breadcrumbs_item dsm_home_item dsm_home_item_custom\" itemprop=\"itemListElement\" itemscope\n\t\t\titemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ListItem\">\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/pl\/\" itemprop=\"item\" target=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='dsm_home_text_wrapper'>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"et-pb-icon dsm_home_icon\">\ue009<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"dsm_home_text\" itemprop=\"name\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tHome\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<meta itemprop=\"position\" content=\"1\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n\n\t\t<li class=\"dsm_breadcrumbs_separator\"> <span class=\"et-pb-icon dsm_separator_icon\">5<\/span><\/li><\/ul>\n\t\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div> &nbsp; G\u0142\u0119boko\u015b\u0107 Dyskretny monitoring w\u00f3d gruntowych Redukcja koszt\u00f3w i czasu pracy w terenie &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Najcz\u0119\u015bciej zadawane pytania dotycz\u0105ce CMT Og\u00f3lne informacje i specyfikacja CMT Zastosowania Wiercenie i instalacja Opracowywanie, pobieranie pr\u00f3bek, monitorowanie Og\u00f3lne informacje i specyfikacja CMT<div class=\"et_pb_module dsm_faq dsm_faq_0\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"et_pb_module_inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dsm-faq-container dsm-front\" data-accordion=\"on\" data-open_first_item=\"off\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t \n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"dsm_faq_child_0 dsm-faq-item-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dsm-title-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t <div class=\"dsm-title-inner-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t   <div class=\"dsm_open_icon\"><span>K<\/span><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t   <div class=\"dsm_close_icon\"><span>L<\/span><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t   \n\t\t\t\t   \n\t\t\t\t   <h3 class=\"dsm-faq-title\">Czy segmenty rurki CMT mo\u017cna \u0142\u0105czy\u0107 ze sob\u0105?<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t <\/div> \n\t\t\t\t <div class=\"dsm-faq-item-inner-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t   \n\t\t\t\t   \n\t\t\t\t   \n\t\t\t\t   \n\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dsm-faq-content\">Nie. System zosta\u0142 zaprojektowany do monta\u017cu na jednej ci\u0105g\u0142ej d\u0142ugo\u015bci, eliminuj\u0105c w ten spos\u00f3b mo\u017cliwo\u015b\u0107 przeciek\u00f3w na po\u0142\u0105czeniach. <\/div>\n\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"dsm_faq_child_1 dsm-faq-item-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dsm-title-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t <div class=\"dsm-title-inner-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t   <div class=\"dsm_open_icon\"><span>K<\/span><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t   <div class=\"dsm_close_icon\"><span>L<\/span><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t   \n\t\t\t\t   \n\t\t\t\t   <h3 class=\"dsm-faq-title\">&#8221;Czy<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t <\/div> \n\t\t\t\t <div class=\"dsm-faq-item-inner-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t   \n\t\t\t\t   \n\t\t\t\t   \n\t\t\t\t   \n\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dsm-faq-content\">&#8221;Na<\/div>\n\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":81311,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"folder":[133],"class_list":["post-81232","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.2 (Yoast SEO v27.2) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>System wielopoziomowy CMT FAQ: Cz\u0119sto zadawane pytania<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"System wielopoziomowy CMT FAQ: Cz\u0119sto zadawane pytania. Og\u00f3lne informacje i specyfikacje CMT, zastosowania, wiercenie i instalacja\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/pl\/produkty\/systemy-wielopoziomowe\/403-cmt-systemy-wielopoziomowe\/faq\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pl_PL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Cz\u0119sto zadawane pytania dotycz\u0105ce systemu wielopoziomowego CMT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Uzyskaj odpowiedzi na najcz\u0119\u015bciej zadawane pytania dotycz\u0105ce CMT. Od og\u00f3lnych informacji na temat studni wielopoziomowych CMT i ich specyfikacji, po zastosowania, wiercenie i instalacj\u0119. #hydrogeologia #charakterystyka terenu\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/pl\/produkty\/systemy-wielopoziomowe\/403-cmt-systemy-wielopoziomowe\/faq\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Solinst Groundwater and Surface Water Monitoring Instrumentation, Water Level Meters, Interface Meters, Dataloggers\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-01-20T19:20:37+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/solinst.d2.sc.omtrdc.net\/b\/ss\/solinst-prod\/1\/H.21--NS\/0\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:title\" content=\"Cz\u0119sto zadawane pytania dotycz\u0105ce systemu wielopoziomowego CMT\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:description\" content=\"Uzyskaj odpowiedzi na najcz\u0119\u015bciej zadawane pytania dotycz\u0105ce CMT. Od og\u00f3lnych informacji na temat studni wielopoziomowych CMT i ich specyfikacji, po zastosowania, wiercenie i instalacj\u0119.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Szacowany czas czytania\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"47 minut\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/pl\/produkty\/systemy-wielopoziomowe\/403-cmt-systemy-wielopoziomowe\/faq\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/pl\/produkty\/systemy-wielopoziomowe\/403-cmt-systemy-wielopoziomowe\/faq\/\",\"name\":\"System wielopoziomowy CMT FAQ: Cz\u0119sto zadawane pytania\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/pl\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/pl\/produkty\/systemy-wielopoziomowe\/403-cmt-systemy-wielopoziomowe\/faq\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/pl\/produkty\/systemy-wielopoziomowe\/403-cmt-systemy-wielopoziomowe\/faq\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/solinst.d2.sc.omtrdc.net\/b\/ss\/solinst-prod\/1\/H.21--NS\/0\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-10-28T20:43:22+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-01-20T19:20:37+00:00\",\"description\":\"System wielopoziomowy CMT FAQ: Cz\u0119sto zadawane pytania. Og\u00f3lne informacje i specyfikacje CMT, zastosowania, wiercenie i instalacja\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/pl\/produkty\/systemy-wielopoziomowe\/403-cmt-systemy-wielopoziomowe\/faq\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/pl\/produkty\/systemy-wielopoziomowe\/403-cmt-systemy-wielopoziomowe\/faq\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/pl\/produkty\/systemy-wielopoziomowe\/403-cmt-systemy-wielopoziomowe\/faq\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/solinst.d2.sc.omtrdc.net\/b\/ss\/solinst-prod\/1\/H.21--NS\/0\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/solinst.d2.sc.omtrdc.net\/b\/ss\/solinst-prod\/1\/H.21--NS\/0\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/pl\/produkty\/systemy-wielopoziomowe\/403-cmt-systemy-wielopoziomowe\/faq\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/pl\/strona-glowna\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Produkty\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/pl\/produkty\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Systemy wielopoziomowe\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/pl\/produkty\/systemy-wielopoziomowe\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":4,\"name\":\"403 CMT Systemy wielopoziomowe\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/pl\/produkty\/systemy-wielopoziomowe\/403-cmt-systemy-wielopoziomowe\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":5,\"name\":\"FAQ\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/pl\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/pl\/\",\"name\":\"Solinst Groundwater and Surface Water Monitoring Instrumentation, Water Level Meters, Interface Meters, Dataloggers\",\"description\":\"High quality groundwater monitoring instruments and surface water monitoring instruments including water level meters, interface meters, groundwater samplers, dataloggers and more!\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/pl\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"System wielopoziomowy CMT FAQ: Cz\u0119sto zadawane pytania","description":"System wielopoziomowy CMT FAQ: Cz\u0119sto zadawane pytania. Og\u00f3lne informacje i specyfikacje CMT, zastosowania, wiercenie i instalacja","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/pl\/produkty\/systemy-wielopoziomowe\/403-cmt-systemy-wielopoziomowe\/faq\/","og_locale":"pl_PL","og_type":"article","og_title":"Cz\u0119sto zadawane pytania dotycz\u0105ce systemu wielopoziomowego CMT","og_description":"Uzyskaj odpowiedzi na najcz\u0119\u015bciej zadawane pytania dotycz\u0105ce CMT. Od og\u00f3lnych informacji na temat studni wielopoziomowych CMT i ich specyfikacji, po zastosowania, wiercenie i instalacj\u0119. #hydrogeologia #charakterystyka terenu","og_url":"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/pl\/produkty\/systemy-wielopoziomowe\/403-cmt-systemy-wielopoziomowe\/faq\/","og_site_name":"Solinst Groundwater and Surface Water Monitoring Instrumentation, Water Level Meters, Interface Meters, Dataloggers","article_modified_time":"2026-01-20T19:20:37+00:00","og_image":[{"url":"https:\/\/solinst.d2.sc.omtrdc.net\/b\/ss\/solinst-prod\/1\/H.21--NS\/0","type":"","width":"","height":""}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_title":"Cz\u0119sto zadawane pytania dotycz\u0105ce systemu wielopoziomowego CMT","twitter_description":"Uzyskaj odpowiedzi na najcz\u0119\u015bciej zadawane pytania dotycz\u0105ce CMT. Od og\u00f3lnych informacji na temat studni wielopoziomowych CMT i ich specyfikacji, po zastosowania, wiercenie i instalacj\u0119.","twitter_misc":{"Szacowany czas czytania":"47 minut"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/pl\/produkty\/systemy-wielopoziomowe\/403-cmt-systemy-wielopoziomowe\/faq\/","url":"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/pl\/produkty\/systemy-wielopoziomowe\/403-cmt-systemy-wielopoziomowe\/faq\/","name":"System wielopoziomowy CMT FAQ: Cz\u0119sto zadawane pytania","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/pl\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/pl\/produkty\/systemy-wielopoziomowe\/403-cmt-systemy-wielopoziomowe\/faq\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/pl\/produkty\/systemy-wielopoziomowe\/403-cmt-systemy-wielopoziomowe\/faq\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/solinst.d2.sc.omtrdc.net\/b\/ss\/solinst-prod\/1\/H.21--NS\/0","datePublished":"2024-10-28T20:43:22+00:00","dateModified":"2026-01-20T19:20:37+00:00","description":"System wielopoziomowy CMT FAQ: Cz\u0119sto zadawane pytania. Og\u00f3lne informacje i specyfikacje CMT, zastosowania, wiercenie i instalacja","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/pl\/produkty\/systemy-wielopoziomowe\/403-cmt-systemy-wielopoziomowe\/faq\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"pl-PL","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/pl\/produkty\/systemy-wielopoziomowe\/403-cmt-systemy-wielopoziomowe\/faq\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"pl-PL","@id":"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/pl\/produkty\/systemy-wielopoziomowe\/403-cmt-systemy-wielopoziomowe\/faq\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/solinst.d2.sc.omtrdc.net\/b\/ss\/solinst-prod\/1\/H.21--NS\/0","contentUrl":"https:\/\/solinst.d2.sc.omtrdc.net\/b\/ss\/solinst-prod\/1\/H.21--NS\/0"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/pl\/produkty\/systemy-wielopoziomowe\/403-cmt-systemy-wielopoziomowe\/faq\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/pl\/strona-glowna\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Produkty","item":"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/pl\/produkty\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Systemy wielopoziomowe","item":"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/pl\/produkty\/systemy-wielopoziomowe\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":4,"name":"403 CMT Systemy wielopoziomowe","item":"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/pl\/produkty\/systemy-wielopoziomowe\/403-cmt-systemy-wielopoziomowe\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":5,"name":"FAQ"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/pl\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/pl\/","name":"Solinst Groundwater and Surface Water Monitoring Instrumentation, Water Level Meters, Interface Meters, Dataloggers","description":"High quality groundwater monitoring instruments and surface water monitoring instruments including water level meters, interface meters, groundwater samplers, dataloggers and more!","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/pl\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"pl-PL"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/81232","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=81232"}],"version-history":[{"count":49,"href":"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/81232\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":171071,"href":"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/81232\/revisions\/171071"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/81311"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=81232"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"folder","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/folder?post=81232"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}