{"id":16251,"date":"2024-10-28T20:43:22","date_gmt":"2024-10-28T20:43:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/perguntas-frequentes\/"},"modified":"2026-01-20T19:20:36","modified_gmt":"2026-01-20T19:20:36","slug":"perguntas-frequentes","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/pt-br\/produtos\/sistemas-multiniveis\/403-cmt-sistemas-multiniveis\/perguntas-frequentes\/","title":{"rendered":"PERGUNTAS FREQUENTES"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; admin_label=&#8221;H1 and breadcrumbs&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; background_color=&#8221;#FFFFFF&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;9px||0px||false|false&#8221; sticky_position=&#8221;top&#8221; sticky_limit_bottom=&#8221;body&#8221; background_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; sticky_position_tablet=&#8221;none&#8221; sticky_position_phone=&#8221;none&#8221; sticky_position_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; background_color=&#8221;#FFFFFF&#8221; width=&#8221;90%&#8221; max_width=&#8221;1600px&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;12px||0px||false|false&#8221; sticky_position=&#8221;top&#8221; sticky_limit_bottom=&#8221;body&#8221; sticky_position_tablet=&#8221;none&#8221; sticky_position_phone=&#8221;none&#8221; sticky_position_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.25.0&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; header_font=&#8221;|700|||||||&#8221; header_font_size=&#8221;36px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||5px|||&#8221; header_text_align_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; header_text_align_phone=&#8221;&#8221; header_text_align_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; header_font_size_tablet=&#8221;22px&#8221; header_font_size_phone=&#8221;20px&#8221; header_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h1 role=\"heading\" aria-level=\"1\" data-uw-rm-heading=\"level\">Perguntas frequentes sobre o sistema multin\u00edvel CMT: Perguntas mais frequentes<\/h1>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][dsm_breadcrumbs disabled_on=&#8221;on|off|off&#8221; admin_label=&#8221;breadcrumbs below landing pages with mobile view off&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; home_icon_text_color=&#8221;#d6d6d6&#8243; global_module=&#8221;4283&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/dsm_breadcrumbs][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; admin_label=&#8221;Mobile-Only Nav with Offset&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;4759a92f-4b27-4854-bb2c-299854634e93&#8243; display_conditions=&#8221;W10=&#8221; sticky_offset_top=&#8221;127px&#8221; global_module=&#8221;2935&#8243; saved_tabs=&#8221;all&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; width=&#8221;90%&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;0px||0px||true|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||0px||true|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_code admin_label=&#8221;403 Navega\u00e7\u00e3o m\u00f3vel &#8211; Selecionar menu suspenso&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_css_free_form=&#8221;select {||||      font-size: 1em; \/* Adjust font size *\/||      padding: 10px;   \/* Optional: Increase padding for better spacing *\/||      width: 100%;||      box-sizing: border-box;\/* Optional: Adjust width to fit the container *\/||      height: 50px;||}||||    \/* Style for dropdown options (fallback if needed) *\/||select option {||      font-size: 1.2em; \/* Ensures option text matches select styling *\/||      width: 100%;||    }&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<select name=\"dropdown\" onchange=\"location = this.value;\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"\">403 Menu de sistemas multin\u00edvel CMT<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/\">403 P\u00e1gina principal do CMT Multilevel Systems<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/products\/multilevel-systems-and-remediation\/403-cmt-multilevel-system\/get-quote.php\">Obter uma cota\u00e7\u00e3o<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/Forms\/sol.php\">Envie-me informa\u00e7\u00f5es<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/why-multilevels\/\">Por que multin\u00edveis?<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/why-multilevels\/what-is-a-multilevel-system\/\">O que \u00e9 um sistema multin\u00edvel?<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/products\/multilevel-systems-and-remediation\/why-multilevels\/flash-demo.php\">Tecnologia multin\u00edvel (demonstra\u00e7\u00e3o em v\u00eddeo)<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/why-multilevels\/multilevel-system-comparison\/\">Compara\u00e7\u00e3o de sistemas multin\u00edvel<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/datasheet\/\">Folha de dados<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/datasheet\/applications-advantages-of-cmt-multilevel-systems\/\">-Aplica\u00e7\u00f5es e vantagens do CMT<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/datasheet\/multichannel-tubing\/\">-Tubula\u00e7\u00e3o multicanal<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/datasheet\/seals-and-sand-packs\/\">-Selos e pacotes de areia<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/datasheet\/multilevel-monitoring-is-essential\/\">-M\u00faltiplos n\u00edveis s\u00e3o essenciais<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/datasheet\/cmt-monitoring-options\/\">-Op\u00e7\u00f5es de monitoramento<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/datasheet\/cmt-field-applications\/\">-Aplicativos de campo<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/datasheet\/cmt-contractors-training-program\/\">-Programas de treinamento<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/products\/multilevel-systems-and-remediation\/403-cmt-multilevel-system\/operating-instructions\/\">Instru\u00e7\u00f5es<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/cmt-multilevel-system-assembly-manual\/\">-Manual de montagem do sistema multin\u00edvel CMT<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/cmt-multilevel-system-assembly-manual\/pre-installation-requirements\/\">-Requisitos de pr\u00e9-instala\u00e7\u00e3o<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/cmt-multilevel-system-assembly-manual\/introduction\/\">&#8211;Introdu\u00e7\u00e3o<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/cmt-multilevel-system-assembly-manual\/preparing-for-cmt-installation\/\">-Prepara\u00e7\u00e3o<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/cmt-multilevel-system-assembly-manual\/assembling-standard-cmt-systems\/\">&#8211;Montagem de sistemas CMT padr\u00e3o<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/cmt-multilevel-system-assembly-manual\/marking-and-cutting-cmt-tubing\/\">&#8211;Marca\u00e7\u00e3o e corte do tubo<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/cmt-multilevel-system-assembly-manual\/403-manual-cutting-outer-ports-and-vent-holes\/\">-Corte de portas externas e orif\u00edcios de ventila\u00e7\u00e3o<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/cmt-multilevel-system-assembly-manual\/configuring-tubing-bottom\/\">&#8211;Configura\u00e7\u00e3o da parte inferior da tubula\u00e7\u00e3o<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/cmt-multilevel-system-assembly-manual\/attaching-cmt-tubing-centralizers\/\">&#8211;Fixa\u00e7\u00e3o de centralizadores de tubos<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/cmt-multilevel-system-assembly-manual\/cmt-multilevel-system-placement\/\">&#8211;Coloca\u00e7\u00e3o de CMT<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/cmt-multilevel-system-assembly-manual\/attaching-cmt-standard-wellhead\/\">&#8211;Fixa\u00e7\u00e3o da cabe\u00e7a de po\u00e7o padr\u00e3o<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/cmt-multilevel-system-assembly-manual\/optional-cmt-multi-purge-manifold-assembly\/\">&#8211;Conjunto opcional do coletor de purga m\u00faltipla<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/cmt-multilevel-system-assembly-manual\/monitoring-options\/\">&#8211;Op\u00e7\u00f5es de monitoramento<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/cmt-multilevel-system-assembly-manual\/cmt-specifications\/\">&#8211;Especifica\u00e7\u00f5es e considera\u00e7\u00f5es da CMT<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/cmt-multilevel-system-assembly-manual\/intallationterms-and-conditions\/\">-Termos e condi\u00e7\u00f5es<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/cmt-multilevel-system-assembly-manual\/table-of-contents\/\">-Tabela de conte\u00fado<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->\t<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/403n-narrow-cmt-assembly-manual\/\">-Manual de montagem do sistema multin\u00edvel CMT estreito<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/403n-narrow-cmt-assembly-manual\/pre-installation-requirements\/\">-Requisitos de pr\u00e9-instala\u00e7\u00e3o<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/403n-narrow-cmt-assembly-manual\/introduction\/\">&#8211;Introdu\u00e7\u00e3o<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/403n-narrow-cmt-assembly-manual\/preparation\/\">-Prepara\u00e7\u00e3o<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/403n-narrow-cmt-assembly-manual\/assembling-standard-403n-narrow-cmt-systems\/\">&#8211;Montagem de sistemas multin\u00edvel CMT padr\u00e3o<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/403n-narrow-cmt-assembly-manual\/marking-narrow-cmt-tubing\/\">&#8211;Marca\u00e7\u00e3o do tubo CMT<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/403n-narrow-cmt-assembly-manual\/cutting-ports-and-vent-holes\/\">-Corte das portas e do orif\u00edcio de ventila\u00e7\u00e3o<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/403n-narrow-cmt-assembly-manual\/configuring-the-bottom-of-narrow-cmt-tubing\/\">&#8211;Configurando a parte inferior do tubo CMT<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/403n-narrow-cmt-assembly-manual\/narrow-cmt-placement\/\">&#8211;Coloca\u00e7\u00e3o de CMT estreito<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/403n-narrow-cmt-assembly-manual\/attaching-standard-wellhead\/\">&#8211;Fixa\u00e7\u00e3o da cabe\u00e7a de po\u00e7o padr\u00e3o<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/403n-narrow-cmt-assembly-manual\/optional-flow-control-monitoring-assembly\/\">&#8211;Conjunto opcional de monitoramento de controle de fluxo<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/403n-narrow-cmt-assembly-manual\/optional-multi-purge-manifold-assembly\/\">&#8211;Conjunto do coletor multipurga opcional<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"CMT Installation with Sand and Bentonite Cartridges\">&#8211;Instala\u00e7\u00e3o do CMT com cartuchos de areia e bentonita<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/403n-narrow-cmt-assembly-manual\/cmt-installation-design-example\/\">&#8211;Exemplo de projeto de instala\u00e7\u00e3o<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/403n-narrow-cmt-assembly-manual\/preparing-sand-and-bentonite-cartridges\/\">&#8211;Prepara\u00e7\u00e3o do cartucho de areia e bentonita<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/403n-narrow-cmt-assembly-manual\/sand-bentonite-cartridge-installation\/\">&#8211;Instala\u00e7\u00e3o do cartucho de areia e bentonita<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/403n-narrow-cmt-assembly-manual\/narrow-cut-port-assembly\/\">&#8211;Montagem da porta CMT estreita<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/403n-narrow-cmt-assembly-manual\/installing-narrow-cmt-sand-cartridges\/\">&#8211;Instala\u00e7\u00e3o de cartuchos de areia CMT estreitos<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/403n-narrow-cmt-assembly-manual\/installing-spring-cartridges\/\">&#8211;Instala\u00e7\u00e3o de cartuchos de mola CMT estreitos<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/403n-narrow-cmt-assembly-manual\/monitoring-options\/\">Op\u00e7\u00f5es de monitoramento de sistema multin\u00edvel &#8211;CMT<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/403n-narrow-cmt-assembly-manual\/terms-and-conditions\/\">-Termos e condi\u00e7\u00f5es<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/403n-narrow-cmt-assembly-manual\/table-of-contents\/\">-Tabela de conte\u00fado<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/purge-and-grout-adaptor-instructions-109095\/\">-Instru\u00e7\u00f5es de opera\u00e7\u00e3o do adaptador de purga \/ rejunte<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/constructing-dual-cmt-ports\/\">-Constru\u00e7\u00e3o de portas CMT duplas<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/summary-of-drilling-methods-and-techniques\/\">-Resumo dos m\u00e9todos e t\u00e9cnicas de perfura\u00e7\u00e3o<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/operating-instructions\/cmt-specifications-and-considerations\/\">-Especifica\u00e7\u00f5es e considera\u00e7\u00f5es da CMT<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-faq\/\">PERGUNTAS FREQUENTES<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/technical-bulletins-and-case-studies\/\">Empreiteiros CMT treinados<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/products\/multilevel-systems-and-remediation\/403-cmt-multilevel-system\/cmt-contractor-form.php\">Torne-se um empreiteiro treinado<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/technical-bulletins-and-case-studies\/\">Boletins t\u00e9cnicos e estudos de caso<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/technical-bulletins-and-case-studies\/high-resolution-vapor-intrusion-monitoring\/\">-CMT para monitoramento de intrus\u00e3o de vapor de alta resolu\u00e7\u00e3o<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/technical-bulletins-and-case-studies\/sampling-in-multilevels-options-and-helpful-hints\/\">-Amostragem em v\u00e1rios n\u00edveis: Op\u00e7\u00f5es e dicas \u00fateis<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/technical-bulletins-and-case-studies\/cmd-systems-for-the-lust-market\/\">-Sistemas CMT para o mercado de LUST<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/403-cmt-multilevel-systems\/technical-bulletins-and-case-studies\/cmt-vapor-monitoring\/\">-Monitoramento de vapor da CMT<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    <!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><option value=\"https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/multilevel-systems\/\">Sistemas multin\u00edveis<\/option><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><\/select>[\/et_pb_code][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; specialty=&#8221;on&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;5a5bca26-a9a5-4e6c-8fca-d64da3bdcd40&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;||||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_menu menu_id=&#8221;34&#8243; admin_label=&#8221;403 Main Nav&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;242faa89-ac4f-4e46-90fe-505e8c1eab79&#8243; global_module=&#8221;3814&#8243; saved_tabs=&#8221;all&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_menu][et_pb_menu menu_id=&#8221;37&#8243; admin_label=&#8221;403 Related Products&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;242faa89-ac4f-4e46-90fe-505e8c1eab79&#8243; custom_margin=&#8221;|0px||0px|false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;||||false|false&#8221; global_module=&#8221;8608&#8243; saved_tabs=&#8221;all&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_menu][et_pb_slider disabled_on=&#8221;on|on|off&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; display_conditions=&#8221;W10=&#8221; link_option_url=&#8221;https:\/\/downloads.solinst.com\/free-shipping?utm_source=solinst&#038;utm_medium=WC-global-sidebar-position1&#038;utm_campaign=free-shipping&#8221; global_module=&#8221;53188&#8243; saved_tabs=&#8221;all&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_slide button_text=&#8221;Vantagens de usar a flauta de \u00e1gua&#8221; button_link=&#8221;https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/pt-br\/produtos\/flauta-solinst\/405-flauta-de-agua\/?utm_source=solinst&amp;utm_medium=WC-global-sidebar-position1&amp;utm_campaign=405-water-flute&#8221; use_bg_overlay=&#8221;on&#8221; bg_overlay_color=&#8221;rgba(224,97,0,0.58)&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; background_color=&#8221;#F07C00&#8243; background_enable_color=&#8221;on&#8221; background_image=&#8221;https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/405-water-flute-multilevel-groundwater-system-installation.webp&#8221; background_enable_image=&#8221;on&#8221; background_position=&#8221;top_center&#8221; custom_button=&#8221;on&#8221; button_bg_color=&#8221;#f58025&#8243; button_border_width=&#8221;2px&#8221; button_border_radius=&#8221;20px&#8221; button_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; background_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; sticky_transition=&#8221;on&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2><strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n<h2><strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n<h2><strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Monitoramento de \u00e1guas subterr\u00e2neas discretas em profundidade<\/h2>\n<p><b>Reduzir custos e tempo de campo<\/b><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_slide][\/et_pb_slider][et_pb_slider disabled_on=&#8221;on|off|off&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; link_option_url=&#8221;https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/instruments\/groundwater-samplers\/410-peristaltic-pumps\/?utm_source=solinst&#038;utm_medium=WC-global-sidebar-position2&#038;utm_campaign=410-101d&#8221; disabled=&#8221;on&#8221; global_module=&#8221;53561&#8243; saved_tabs=&#8221;all&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_slide heading=&#8221;Bombeamento automatizado com modo DrawDown&#8221; button_text=&#8221;Nova bomba perist\u00e1ltica Mk5&#8243; button_link=&#8221;https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/pt-br\/produtos\/amostradores-de-agua-subterranea\/410-bombas-peristalticas\/?utm_source=solinst&amp;utm_medium=WC-global-sidebar-position2&amp;utm_campaign=410-101d&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; header_text_color=&#8221;#000000&#8243; background_color=&#8221;RGBA(255,255,255,0)&#8221; background_enable_color=&#8221;on&#8221; background_image=&#8221;https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/101d-water-level-drawdown-meter-2-965&#215;500-1.webp&#8221; background_enable_image=&#8221;on&#8221; background_size=&#8221;contain&#8221; custom_button=&#8221;on&#8221; button_bg_color=&#8221;#f58025&#8243; button_border_width=&#8221;2px&#8221; button_border_radius=&#8221;20px&#8221; button_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; button_custom_margin=&#8221;||||false|false&#8221; button_custom_padding=&#8221;1px||||false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;76px||||false|false&#8221; header_text_shadow_style=&#8221;preset3&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; sticky_transition=&#8221;on&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2\/>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_slide][\/et_pb_slider][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;3_4&#8243; specialty_columns=&#8221;3&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_row_inner custom_padding_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;3676f7e6-7b83-4698-94ce-2cc9fa9ae43d&#8221; background_color=&#8221;#FFFFFF&#8221; custom_padding_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; custom_padding_phone=&#8221;&#8221; sticky_position=&#8221;top&#8221; sticky_limit_bottom=&#8221;body&#8221; motion_trigger_start=&#8221;top&#8221; sticky_position_tablet=&#8221;top&#8221; sticky_position_phone=&#8221;none&#8221; sticky_position_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; sticky_offset_top_tablet=&#8221;127px&#8221; sticky_offset_top_phone=&#8221;133px&#8221; sticky_offset_top_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; sticky_offset_surrounding_tablet=&#8221;off&#8221; sticky_offset_surrounding_phone=&#8221;off&#8221; sticky_offset_surrounding_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column_inner saved_specialty_column_type=&#8221;3_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; background_color=&#8221;#FFFFFF&#8221; sticky_limit_bottom=&#8221;section&#8221; sticky_position_tablet=&#8221;top&#8221; sticky_position_phone=&#8221;top&#8221; sticky_position_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; sticky_offset_top_tablet=&#8221;133px&#8221; sticky_offset_top_phone=&#8221;&#8221; sticky_offset_top_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; sticky_limit_bottom_tablet=&#8221;none&#8221; sticky_limit_bottom_phone=&#8221;none&#8221; sticky_limit_bottom_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; sticky_offset_surrounding_tablet=&#8221;on&#8221; sticky_offset_surrounding_phone=&#8221;on&#8221; sticky_offset_surrounding_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Perguntas frequentes sobre CMT<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#general\" title=\"Hist\u00f3rico e especifica\u00e7\u00f5es gerais do CMT\">Hist\u00f3rico e especifica\u00e7\u00f5es gerais do CMT<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#applications\" title=\"Aplica\u00e7\u00f5es do sistema multin\u00edvel CMT\">Aplicativos<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#drilling\" title=\"Perfura\u00e7\u00e3o e instala\u00e7\u00e3o de sistemas multin\u00edvel CMT\">Perfura\u00e7\u00e3o e instala\u00e7\u00e3o<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#developing\" title=\"Desenvolvimento, amostragem e monitoramento de sistemas multin\u00edveis CMT\">Desenvolvimento, amostragem, monitoramento<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column_inner][\/et_pb_row_inner][et_pb_row_inner module_id=&#8221;general&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;3676f7e6-7b83-4698-94ce-2cc9fa9ae43d&#8221; border_color_all=&#8221;#000000&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column_inner saved_specialty_column_type=&#8221;3_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;general&#8221; module_id=&#8221;general&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Hist\u00f3rico e especifica\u00e7\u00f5es gerais do CMT<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][dsm_faq dsm_make_accordion_toggle=&#8221;on&#8221; dsm_animate_icon=&#8221;on&#8221; admin_label=&#8221;general faq&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;77be2b9f-999b-455f-afb8-d94da1ded8dc&#8221; hover_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; sticky_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243;][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Os segmentos da tubula\u00e7\u00e3o CMT podem ser acoplados uns aos outros?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>N\u00e3o. O sistema foi projetado para ser instalado em um comprimento cont\u00ednuo, eliminando assim a possibilidade de vazamento nas juntas. <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_0&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Os po\u00e7os CMT s\u00e3o aceitos pelos \u00f3rg\u00e3os reguladores? Como posso convencer meu regulador de que o sistema produz dados confi\u00e1veis? &#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Com base no que ouvimos, um enf\u00e1tico SIM! No entanto, o sistema ainda \u00e9 novo para muitas pessoas, incluindo muitos reguladores estaduais e locais. No entanto, uma vez introduzidos no sistema, a maioria dos reguladores ap\u00f3ia de todo o cora\u00e7\u00e3o o uso de po\u00e7os CMT. Eles esperam ansiosamente pela melhor defini\u00e7\u00e3o da pluma proporcionada pelo monitoramento em v\u00e1rios n\u00edveis, especialmente em compara\u00e7\u00e3o com as amostras compostas de po\u00e7os de monitoramento com triagem longa com as quais tiveram que se contentar no passado. Uma preocupa\u00e7\u00e3o comum expressa pela comunidade reguladora \u00e9 a integridade das veda\u00e7\u00f5es anulares do po\u00e7o que impedem o movimento vertical das \u00e1guas subterr\u00e2neas entre diferentes zonas. Essa \u00e9 uma das principais vantagens do sistema CMT. Diferentemente dos po\u00e7os aninhados, em que v\u00e1rios revestimentos s\u00e3o colocados em um \u00fanico furo, h\u00e1 apenas um revestimento &#8211; ou, mais precisamente, um tubo &#8211; no furo com o sistema CMT. Isso simplifica a instala\u00e7\u00e3o e aumenta a confiabilidade das veda\u00e7\u00f5es anulares instaladas entre as v\u00e1rias zonas monitoradas. Outra preocupa\u00e7\u00e3o expressa por alguns reguladores \u00e9 a qualidade das amostras de \u00e1gua subterr\u00e2nea coletadas dos po\u00e7os da CMT. A melhor maneira de informar seu regulador sobre as vantagens do monitoramento multin\u00edvel usando o Sistema CMT \u00e9 direcion\u00e1-lo para o artigo publicado recentemente sobre o Sistema CMT, de autoria de seus inventores, Murray Einarson e John Cherry. Esse documento (Einarson e Cherry, GWMR Fall 2002) pode ser baixado de nosso site.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_0&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Voc\u00ea tem algum efeito qu\u00edmico ou tend\u00eancia associada \u00e0 tubula\u00e7\u00e3o de polietileno ou a outras partes do sistema CMT?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Aqui est\u00e3o as tend\u00eancias qu\u00edmicas associadas a todos os tipos de po\u00e7os de monitoramento de \u00e1guas subterr\u00e2neas e bombas de amostragem. As poss\u00edveis tend\u00eancias qu\u00edmicas associadas ao sistema CMT est\u00e3o relacionadas (1) ao uso de tubos de polietileno e (2) aos dispositivos de amostragem usados para coletar amostras de \u00e1gua. Os contaminantes org\u00e2nicos hidrof\u00f3bicos podem se adsorver \u00e0 tubula\u00e7\u00e3o de polietileno, o que pode causar um vi\u00e9s negativo na amostragem. Em algumas situa\u00e7\u00f5es, esses mesmos compostos podem se difundir atrav\u00e9s do polietileno, seja de fora do po\u00e7o ou de canais adjacentes, o que pode causar um vi\u00e9s de amostragem positivo em alguns canais. As poss\u00edveis tend\u00eancias com contaminantes hidrof\u00edlicos, por exemplo, MTBE ou a maioria dos compostos inorg\u00e2nicos, s\u00e3o m\u00ednimas. Uma discuss\u00e3o completa sobre esses poss\u00edveis vieses de amostragem \u00e9 apresentada no artigo de Einarson e Cherry que descreve o sistema CMT, publicado na edi\u00e7\u00e3o do outono de 2002 da Groundwater Monitoring and Remediation. (Consulte a se\u00e7\u00e3o de artigos deste site).      <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_0&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Por que o sistema n\u00e3o est\u00e1 dispon\u00edvel em Teflon\u00ae?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Exploramos a ideia de fabricar tubos CMT de Teflon, mas a rejeitamos por alguns motivos. Primeiro, o Teflon \u00e9 um pol\u00edmero dif\u00edcil de trabalhar e n\u00e3o \u00e9 poss\u00edvel extrudar o Teflon no formato do sistema CMT atual. Em segundo lugar, o teflon \u00e9 muito caro, o que aumentaria o custo do sistema CMT em at\u00e9 dez vezes. Por fim, o teflon n\u00e3o \u00e9 imune a vieses de amostragem; os COVs hidrof\u00f3bicos podem se difundir pelas paredes dos tubos de teflon, assim como pelas paredes dos tubos de polietileno.   <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_0&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Como os po\u00e7os CMT s\u00e3o diferentes dos %22po\u00e7os aninhados%22?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Os po\u00e7os CMT s\u00e3o de fato muito diferentes dos %22po\u00e7os aninhados%22. De fato, o sistema CMT foi projetado em parte devido aos problemas inerentes aos po\u00e7os aninhados. Os po\u00e7os aninhados s\u00e3o po\u00e7os de v\u00e1rios n\u00edveis que t\u00eam v\u00e1rios revestimentos em um \u00fanico furo. Esse tipo de constru\u00e7\u00e3o de po\u00e7o era popular na d\u00e9cada de 1970 e no in\u00edcio da d\u00e9cada de 1980. No entanto, o uso de po\u00e7os aninhados \u00e9 fortemente desencorajado pela EPA dos EUA e por outras ag\u00eancias reguladoras devido aos muitos casos documentados em que a m\u00e1 veda\u00e7\u00e3o entre as carca\u00e7as levou \u00e0 conex\u00e3o cruzada das v\u00e1rias zonas monitoradas.     A maioria dos furos de sondagem n\u00e3o \u00e9 perfeitamente reta ou plana, e os revestimentos acabam inevitavelmente encostados uns nos outros em algumas partes do furo. As pastilhas de bentonita e\/ou as caldas de cimento podem n\u00e3o preencher completamente os espa\u00e7os entre os revestimentos, resultando em espa\u00e7os vazios que permitem a comunica\u00e7\u00e3o cruzada entre as diferentes zonas de monitoramento. Em \u00e1reas onde os po\u00e7os aninhados ainda s\u00e3o permitidos, geralmente h\u00e1 exig\u00eancias de que sejam usados espa\u00e7adores para manter os v\u00e1rios revestimentos separados no furo. Normalmente, tamb\u00e9m \u00e9 exigido que sejam instaladas veda\u00e7\u00f5es anulares de 2 polegadas entre cada um dos revestimentos individuais do po\u00e7o. Essa exig\u00eancia resulta em furos de sondagem que devem ter 12 polegadas de di\u00e2metro ou mais. O aumento do custo dos furos maiores rapidamente torna os po\u00e7os aninhados menos atraentes do que os grupos de po\u00e7os individuais, especialmente quando a incerteza das veda\u00e7\u00f5es anulares \u00e9 levada em conta. Com o sistema CMT, os v\u00e1rios canais de monitoramento ficam dentro da tubula\u00e7\u00e3o CMT. Assim, h\u00e1 apenas um tubo de parede lisa dentro do furo. A tubula\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 centralizada dentro do furo usando os centralizadores de baixo perfil da Solinst, e as veda\u00e7\u00f5es anulares de 2 polegadas de espessura podem ser instaladas de forma f\u00e1cil e confi\u00e1vel em um \u00fanico furo de at\u00e9 5,6 polegadas de di\u00e2metro.        <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_0&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Os po\u00e7os da CMT est\u00e3o em conformidade com os padr\u00f5es de constru\u00e7\u00e3o de po\u00e7os do estado e do munic\u00edpio?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Os padr\u00f5es de constru\u00e7\u00e3o de po\u00e7os variam de regi\u00e3o para regi\u00e3o, mas os po\u00e7os CMT devem estar em total conformidade com os padr\u00f5es de constru\u00e7\u00e3o de po\u00e7os na maioria das \u00e1reas. Muitos estados e condados exigem uma veda\u00e7\u00e3o anular de 2 polegadas entre o revestimento do po\u00e7o e a parede do furo. Isso \u00e9 facilmente obtido com os po\u00e7os CMT. Considerando o di\u00e2metro relativamente pequeno do sistema (1,6 polegada), a exig\u00eancia de veda\u00e7\u00e3o de 2 polegadas \u00e9 atendida com a instala\u00e7\u00e3o do sistema em um furo de 5,6 polegadas de di\u00e2metro ou maior. Os centralizadores de baixo perfil garantem que os po\u00e7os CMT fiquem centralizados no furo e que o material de veda\u00e7\u00e3o preencha uniformemente o espa\u00e7o ao redor da tubula\u00e7\u00e3o CMT.    <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_0&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Qual \u00e9 o volume de purga dos v\u00e1rios canais CMT por p\u00e9 de tubula\u00e7\u00e3o?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Os seis canais externos em forma de torta da tubula\u00e7\u00e3o CMT cont\u00eam 40 ml de fluido por p\u00e9 linear de tubula\u00e7\u00e3o. O canal central comporta aproximadamente 30 ml por p\u00e9 linear. <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_0&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Por que o sistema CMT \u00e9 mais barato do que outros sistemas multin\u00edvel?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>H\u00e1 alguns motivos para isso. Primeiro, a tubula\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 feita de polietileno de alta densidade (HDPE), que \u00e9 um material barato e comumente usado para amostragem ambiental. Segundo, n\u00e3o h\u00e1 juntas na tubula\u00e7\u00e3o; a tubula\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 cont\u00ednua desde a superf\u00edcie do solo at\u00e9 o fundo do po\u00e7o. As juntas aumentam o custo dos po\u00e7os de monitoramento porque exigem um projeto sofisticado e uma usinagem cuidadosa para manter a resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o e evitar vazamentos.   <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_0&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Que artigos ou documentos de orienta\u00e7\u00e3o foram publicados que descrevem o sistema CMT?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>V\u00e1rios artigos que descrevem o sistema de monitoramento multin\u00edvel CMT foram publicados e outros est\u00e3o sendo publicados o tempo todo. A descri\u00e7\u00e3o mais completa do sistema CMT est\u00e1 contida em um artigo t\u00e9cnico publicado na edi\u00e7\u00e3o de outono de 2002 da Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation (Einarson e Cherry, 2002). Observe, no entanto, que v\u00e1rias melhorias no sistema foram feitas desde que esse artigo foi escrito. O Sistema CMT tamb\u00e9m \u00e9 descrito no documento de orienta\u00e7\u00e3o de 2000 do American Petroleum Institute intitulado %22Strategies for Characterizing Sites with Releases of MTBE and other Fuel Oxygenates%22. Voc\u00ea pode fazer o download desses e de outros documentos na se\u00e7\u00e3o Documentos do nosso site.    <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_0&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;O sistema Waterloo Multilevel tem alguma vantagem sobre o sistema CMT?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Sim, o <\/span><a href=%22\/?page_id=2640%22 data-uw-rm-brl=%22PR%22 data-uw-original-href=%22https:\/\/www.solinst.com\/pt-br\/produtos\/sistemas-multiniveis\/401-sistema-multinivel-waterloo\/%22>Sistema Waterloo<\/a><span> \u00e9 mais adequado para aplica\u00e7\u00f5es mais profundas, aplica\u00e7\u00f5es que exigem materiais especiais, como a\u00e7o inoxid\u00e1vel ou Teflon, e para aplica\u00e7\u00f5es que exigem bombas e transdutores de press\u00e3o dedicados em at\u00e9 8 zonas.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_0&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;N\u00e3o tenho espa\u00e7o em meu local de trabalho para dispor a tubula\u00e7\u00e3o a fim de marcar e instalar as portas de entrada e as telas do po\u00e7o. Que outras op\u00e7\u00f5es eu tenho? &#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Para tubula\u00e7\u00f5es longas, por exemplo, com mais de 100 p\u00e9s, muitas vezes n\u00e3o \u00e9 pr\u00e1tico colocar a tubula\u00e7\u00e3o no ch\u00e3o no local de trabalho para marcar e instalar as v\u00e1rias portas de entrada e telas de po\u00e7o. Recomendamos que voc\u00ea marque os locais das portas na tubula\u00e7\u00e3o com anteced\u00eancia e leve a tubula\u00e7\u00e3o CMT enrolada para o local de trabalho. Em seguida, voc\u00ea poder\u00e1 instalar as portas e as telas do po\u00e7o nos locais apropriados \u00e0 medida que for baixando a tubula\u00e7\u00e3o do CMT no furo. Como alternativa, o sistema CMT pode ser constru\u00eddo em qualquer lugar que tenha espa\u00e7o dispon\u00edvel, depois enrolado e transportado para o local.   <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_0&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Por que a tubula\u00e7\u00e3o CMT n\u00e3o est\u00e1 dispon\u00edvel em di\u00e2metros maiores?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Exploramos a possibilidade de fabricar o tubo CMT em di\u00e2metros maiores, mas descobrimos que isso trazia resultados indesej\u00e1veis. Primeiro, o aumento do di\u00e2metro da tubula\u00e7\u00e3o resultou em uma diminui\u00e7\u00e3o da resist\u00eancia ao colapso da tubula\u00e7\u00e3o. Em segundo lugar, a tubula\u00e7\u00e3o de di\u00e2metro maior era mais dif\u00edcil de enrolar e n\u00e3o podia ser enrolada em di\u00e2metros pequenos o suficiente para ser enviada por transportadoras comuns. Em vez de aumentar a tubula\u00e7\u00e3o, desenvolvemos fitas de medi\u00e7\u00e3o do n\u00edvel de \u00e1gua e bombas de amostragem que se encaixariam facilmente em todos os canais da tubula\u00e7\u00e3o CMT existente. Consulte os medidores de n\u00edvel de \u00e1gua Modelo 101M e Modelo 102.    <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_0&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Qual \u00e9 a hist\u00f3ria do sistema CMT?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>O sistema CMT foi originalmente desenvolvido por Murray Einarson quando ele era estudante de p\u00f3s-gradua\u00e7\u00e3o na Universidade de Waterloo, em Ont\u00e1rio, Canad\u00e1. Na \u00e9poca, Murray era s\u00f3cio da empresa Precision Sampling, sediada na Calif\u00f3rnia, que manteve a propriedade dos direitos de patente do CMT at\u00e9 que a Precision foi vendida para a Conor Pacific Environmental em 1998. Em 1999, Murray obteve a propriedade exclusiva dos direitos de patente da Conor Pacific e assinou um contrato com a Solinst, dando a ela os direitos mundiais exclusivos de fabricar e vender o sistema. Desde ent\u00e3o, a Solinst desenvolveu ainda mais o Sistema CMT, projetando veda\u00e7\u00f5es mec\u00e2nicas confi\u00e1veis para cada canal, uma porta de ponto de guia para permitir f\u00e1cil acesso ao canal central e um conjunto de ferramentas especializadas para simplificar a montagem do sistema.   <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_0&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Quantos po\u00e7os CMT foram instalados at\u00e9 o momento?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Milhares de po\u00e7os CMT foram instalados em quatro continentes ao redor do mundo. Os po\u00e7os CMT foram instalados na maioria dos estados dos EUA e no Canad\u00e1, no Reino Unido, na It\u00e1lia, em Cingapura e na \u00c1frica do Sul. <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_0&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][\/dsm_faq][\/et_pb_column_inner][\/et_pb_row_inner][et_pb_row_inner module_id=&#8221;general&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;3676f7e6-7b83-4698-94ce-2cc9fa9ae43d&#8221; border_color_all=&#8221;#000000&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column_inner saved_specialty_column_type=&#8221;3_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;applications&#8221; module_id=&#8221;applications&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Aplicativos<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][dsm_faq dsm_make_accordion_toggle=&#8221;on&#8221; dsm_animate_icon=&#8221;on&#8221; admin_label=&#8221;applications faq&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;77be2b9f-999b-455f-afb8-d94da1ded8dc&#8221; hover_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; sticky_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243;][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Os po\u00e7os CMT podem ser usados para amostragem de g\u00e1s do solo?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Sim. H\u00e1 conex\u00f5es especiais dispon\u00edveis para coletar amostras de g\u00e1s do solo de todos os canais da tubula\u00e7\u00e3o CMT. Entre em contato conosco para obter detalhes.  <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_1&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Que tipo de testes hidr\u00e1ulicos posso realizar em po\u00e7os CMT?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Os po\u00e7os CMT s\u00e3o po\u00e7os de observa\u00e7\u00e3o multin\u00edvel ideais durante os testes de bombeamento de \u00e1gua subterr\u00e2nea. Tamb\u00e9m foram realizados testes hidr\u00e1ulicos nos pr\u00f3prios po\u00e7os. A maioria dos testes realizados em po\u00e7os CMT at\u00e9 o momento foram testes de slug, em que o ar comprimido \u00e9 usado para diminuir o n\u00edvel de \u00e1gua na zona de teste. O ar comprimido \u00e9 liberado repentinamente, e a recupera\u00e7\u00e3o do intervalo \u00e9 monitorada pela medi\u00e7\u00e3o do aumento do n\u00edvel de \u00e1gua ao longo do tempo. Os transdutores de pequeno di\u00e2metro simplificam muito o monitoramento da recupera\u00e7\u00e3o do n\u00edvel de \u00e1gua, especialmente em forma\u00e7\u00f5es de granula\u00e7\u00e3o grossa que se recuperam rapidamente. Voc\u00ea pode encontrar uma boa fonte de informa\u00e7\u00f5es relacionadas a testes hidr\u00e1ulicos em po\u00e7os de pequeno di\u00e2metro no site da Universidade de Kansas:       <\/span><a href=%22http:\/\/www.geo.ku.edu\/%22 data-et-target-link=%22_blank%22 data-uw-rm-brl=%22PR%22 data-uw-original-href=%22http:\/\/www.geo.ku.edu\/%22 aria-label=%22http:\/\/www.geo.ku.edu - open in a new tab%22 data-uw-rm-ext-link=%22%22 uw-rm-external-link-id=%22http:\/\/www.geo.ku.edu\/$http:\/\/www.geo.ku.edu%22 rel=%22noopener%22>http:\/\/www.geo.ku.edu<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_1&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;As amostras de \u00e1gua subterr\u00e2nea coletadas de po\u00e7os CMT s\u00e3o t\u00e3o boas quanto as amostras coletadas de po\u00e7os de monitoramento convencionais de 2 ou 4 polegadas?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>As amostras de \u00e1gua subterr\u00e2nea dos po\u00e7os CMT n\u00e3o s\u00e3o apenas t\u00e3o boas quanto as amostras coletadas dos po\u00e7os de monitoramento tradicionais, elas geralmente s\u00e3o melhores! O mais importante \u00e9 que as amostras dos po\u00e7os CMT s\u00e3o amostras discretas do aqu\u00edfero, e n\u00e3o amostras compostas t\u00edpicas de po\u00e7os de monitoramento convencionais com triagem longa. Consequentemente, se a concentra\u00e7\u00e3o de um contaminante em uma amostra coletada de um determinado canal CMT for baixa, voc\u00ea pode ter certeza de que a concentra\u00e7\u00e3o no aqu\u00edfero naquela profundidade \u00e9 realmente baixa, em vez de ser baixa devido \u00e0 dilui\u00e7\u00e3o, como pode ser o caso de um po\u00e7o de monitoramento convencional. Uma discuss\u00e3o adicional sobre os vieses de amostragem associados aos po\u00e7os de monitoramento convencionais e as vantagens t\u00e9cnicas do monitoramento multin\u00edvel de \u00e1guas subterr\u00e2neas \u00e9 apresentada em nossa Se\u00e7\u00e3o de Documentos. Al\u00e9m disso, as amostras de \u00e1gua coletadas dos po\u00e7os CMT geralmente s\u00e3o menos turvas do que as amostras coletadas dos po\u00e7os de monitoramento convencionais. O tamanho da fenda da tela e o pacote de areia de um po\u00e7o de monitoramento convencional costumam ser um compromisso devido \u00e0 ampla gama de tamanhos de gr\u00e3os presentes no intervalo filtrado da maioria dos po\u00e7os. As telas do po\u00e7o e o pacote de areia podem ser muito pequenos para a fra\u00e7\u00e3o mais grossa, mas muito grandes para as camadas de granula\u00e7\u00e3o fina dentro da zona filtrada. Isso leva a altos n\u00edveis de turbidez nas amostras de \u00e1gua, pois os sedimentos de granula\u00e7\u00e3o fina n\u00e3o s\u00e3o filtrados com efic\u00e1cia pelas telas do po\u00e7o e pelo pacote de areia. Os po\u00e7os CMT, por outro lado, normalmente monitoram intervalos curtos e discretos em um aqu\u00edfero. A tela do po\u00e7o e o pacote de areia em cada zona monitorada podem ser otimizados para o tamanho de gr\u00e3o dos sedimentos em cada intervalo. Cada porta de entrada em um po\u00e7o CMT pode ter uma tela de po\u00e7o e um tamanho de pacote de areia diferentes, dependendo da litologia dos materiais do aqu\u00edfero em cada zona monitorada. Essa flexibilidade na constru\u00e7\u00e3o do po\u00e7o otimiza as caracter\u00edsticas de filtragem do po\u00e7o CMT, resultando em amostras de \u00e1gua claras e sem turbidez. Os po\u00e7os CMT t\u00eam outras vantagens em rela\u00e7\u00e3o aos po\u00e7os de monitoramento convencionais. Primeiro, o volume de purga dos po\u00e7os CMT \u00e9 muito pequeno. Isso significa que h\u00e1 menos \u00e1gua contaminada que precisa ser tratada ou descartada durante a amostragem de rotina. Considere o caso de um po\u00e7o CMT de 4 zonas que tem portas em profundidades de 20, 40, 60 e 80 p\u00e9s. Supondo que o n\u00edvel est\u00e1tico da \u00e1gua esteja a 3 metros abaixo da superf\u00edcie do solo, o volume de \u00e1gua necess\u00e1rio para purgar duas vezes o %22volume da carca\u00e7a%22 dos quatro canais seria de cerca de 7 litros ou menos de 2 gal\u00f5es! Em segundo lugar, os po\u00e7os CMT detectam mudan\u00e7as na press\u00e3o piezom\u00e9trica com mais precis\u00e3o do que os po\u00e7os de monitoramento tradicionais. Os po\u00e7os de monitoramento de duas ou quatro polegadas de di\u00e2metro armazenam muita \u00e1gua em compara\u00e7\u00e3o com os canais individuais em um po\u00e7o CMT. A grande quantidade de \u00e1gua armazenada em um po\u00e7o de monitoramento convencional significa que o po\u00e7o ser\u00e1 lento para responder \u00e0s mudan\u00e7as na press\u00e3o piezom\u00e9trica do aqu\u00edfero. Isso \u00e9 especialmente verdadeiro em forma\u00e7\u00f5es de baixo rendimento, em que semanas e at\u00e9 meses podem ser necess\u00e1rios para encher as carca\u00e7as do po\u00e7o at\u00e9 o n\u00edvel de \u00e1gua est\u00e1tico. Os po\u00e7os CMT, por outro lado, respondem e se equilibram rapidamente devido ao baixo volume dos v\u00e1rios canais.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_1&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Como os po\u00e7os CMT s\u00e3o diferentes dos po\u00e7os %22nested%22?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Os po\u00e7os CMT s\u00e3o de fato muito diferentes dos %22po\u00e7os aninhados%22. De fato, o sistema CMT foi projetado em parte devido aos problemas inerentes aos po\u00e7os aninhados. Os po\u00e7os aninhados s\u00e3o po\u00e7os de v\u00e1rios n\u00edveis que t\u00eam v\u00e1rios revestimentos em um \u00fanico furo. Esse tipo de constru\u00e7\u00e3o de po\u00e7o era popular na d\u00e9cada de 1970 e no in\u00edcio da d\u00e9cada de 1980. No entanto, o uso de po\u00e7os aninhados \u00e9 fortemente desencorajado pela EPA dos EUA e por outras ag\u00eancias reguladoras devido aos muitos casos documentados em que a m\u00e1 veda\u00e7\u00e3o entre as carca\u00e7as levou \u00e0 conex\u00e3o cruzada das v\u00e1rias zonas monitoradas.    <\/p>\n<p>A maioria dos furos de sondagem n\u00e3o \u00e9 perfeitamente reta ou plana, e os revestimentos acabam inevitavelmente encostados uns nos outros em algumas partes do furo. As pastilhas de bentonita e\/ou as caldas de cimento podem n\u00e3o preencher completamente os espa\u00e7os entre os revestimentos, resultando em espa\u00e7os vazios que permitem a comunica\u00e7\u00e3o cruzada entre as diferentes zonas de monitoramento. Em \u00e1reas onde os po\u00e7os aninhados ainda s\u00e3o permitidos, geralmente h\u00e1 exig\u00eancias de que sejam usados espa\u00e7adores para manter os v\u00e1rios revestimentos separados no furo. Normalmente, tamb\u00e9m \u00e9 exigido que sejam instaladas veda\u00e7\u00f5es anulares de 2 polegadas entre cada um dos revestimentos individuais do po\u00e7o. Essa exig\u00eancia resulta em furos de sondagem que devem ter 12 polegadas de di\u00e2metro ou mais. O aumento do custo dos furos maiores rapidamente torna os po\u00e7os aninhados menos atraentes do que os grupos de po\u00e7os individuais, especialmente quando a incerteza das veda\u00e7\u00f5es anulares \u00e9 levada em conta. Com o sistema CMT, os v\u00e1rios canais de monitoramento ficam dentro da tubula\u00e7\u00e3o CMT. Assim, h\u00e1 apenas um tubo de parede lisa dentro do furo. A tubula\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 centralizada dentro do furo usando os centralizadores de baixo perfil da Solinst, e as veda\u00e7\u00f5es anulares de 2 polegadas de espessura podem ser instaladas de forma f\u00e1cil e confi\u00e1vel em um \u00fanico furo de at\u00e9 5,6 polegadas de di\u00e2metro.        <\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_1&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Os po\u00e7os da CMT est\u00e3o em conformidade com os padr\u00f5es de constru\u00e7\u00e3o de po\u00e7os do estado e do munic\u00edpio?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Os padr\u00f5es de constru\u00e7\u00e3o de po\u00e7os variam de regi\u00e3o para regi\u00e3o, mas os po\u00e7os CMT devem estar em total conformidade com os padr\u00f5es de constru\u00e7\u00e3o de po\u00e7os na maioria das \u00e1reas. Muitos estados e condados exigem uma veda\u00e7\u00e3o anular de 2 polegadas entre o revestimento do po\u00e7o e a parede do furo. Isso \u00e9 facilmente obtido com os po\u00e7os CMT. Considerando o di\u00e2metro relativamente pequeno do sistema (1,6 polegada), a exig\u00eancia de veda\u00e7\u00e3o de 2 polegadas \u00e9 atendida com a instala\u00e7\u00e3o do sistema em um furo de 5,6 polegadas de di\u00e2metro ou maior. Os centralizadores de baixo perfil garantem que os po\u00e7os CMT fiquem centralizados no furo e que o material de veda\u00e7\u00e3o preencha uniformemente o espa\u00e7o ao redor da tubula\u00e7\u00e3o CMT.    <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_1&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Os po\u00e7os CMT s\u00e3o aceitos pelos \u00f3rg\u00e3os reguladores? Como posso convencer meu regulador de que o sistema produz dados confi\u00e1veis? &#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Com base no que ouvimos, um enf\u00e1tico SIM! No entanto, o sistema ainda \u00e9 novo para muitas pessoas, inclusive para muitos reguladores estaduais e locais. No entanto, depois de conhecerem o sistema, a maioria dos reguladores ap\u00f3ia de todo o cora\u00e7\u00e3o o uso de po\u00e7os CMT. Eles aguardam ansiosamente a melhor defini\u00e7\u00e3o da pluma proporcionada pelo monitoramento multin\u00edvel, especialmente em compara\u00e7\u00e3o com as amostras compostas de po\u00e7os de monitoramento com triagem longa com as quais tiveram que se contentar no passado. Uma preocupa\u00e7\u00e3o comum expressa pela comunidade reguladora \u00e9 a integridade das veda\u00e7\u00f5es anulares do po\u00e7o que impedem o movimento vertical das \u00e1guas subterr\u00e2neas entre diferentes zonas. Essa \u00e9 uma das principais vantagens do sistema CMT. Ao contr\u00e1rio dos po\u00e7os aninhados, em que v\u00e1rias carca\u00e7as s\u00e3o colocadas em um \u00fanico furo, h\u00e1 apenas uma carca\u00e7a &#8211; ou, mais precisamente, um tubo &#8211; no furo com o sistema CMT. Isso simplifica a instala\u00e7\u00e3o e melhora a confiabilidade das veda\u00e7\u00f5es anulares instaladas entre as v\u00e1rias zonas monitoradas. Outra preocupa\u00e7\u00e3o expressa por alguns reguladores \u00e9 a qualidade das amostras de \u00e1gua subterr\u00e2nea coletadas dos po\u00e7os CMT. At\u00e9 recentemente, a \u00fanica maneira de coletar amostras de po\u00e7os CMT era com uma bomba perist\u00e1ltica ou uma mini bomba inercial. Agora a Solinst tem uma Micro Double Valve Pump e a integridade da amostra n\u00e3o \u00e9 mais um problema. V\u00e1rios estudos governamentais e universit\u00e1rios mostram que as bombas pneum\u00e1ticas, como a bomba Micro Double Valve, produzem amostras de \u00e1guas subterr\u00e2neas de alt\u00edssima qualidade. A melhor maneira de informar o seu regulador sobre as vantagens do monitoramento multin\u00edvel usando o Sistema CMT \u00e9 direcion\u00e1-lo para o artigo publicado recentemente sobre o Sistema CMT, de autoria de seus inventores, Murray Einarson e John Cherry. Voc\u00ea pode fazer o download desse artigo (Einarson e Cherry, GWMR Fall 2002) em nosso site.             <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_1&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Que artigos ou documentos de orienta\u00e7\u00e3o foram publicados que descrevem o sistema CMT?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>V\u00e1rios artigos que descrevem o sistema de monitoramento multin\u00edvel CMT foram publicados e outros est\u00e3o sendo publicados constantemente. A descri\u00e7\u00e3o mais completa do sistema CMT est\u00e1 contida em um artigo t\u00e9cnico publicado na edi\u00e7\u00e3o do outono de 2002 da revista Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation (Einarson e Cherry, 2002). Observe, no entanto, que v\u00e1rias melhorias no sistema foram feitas desde que esse documento foi escrito. O sistema CMT tamb\u00e9m \u00e9 descrito no documento de orienta\u00e7\u00e3o de 2000 do American Petroleum Institute intitulado %22Strategies for Characterizing Sites with Releases of MTBE and other Fuel Oxygenates%22. Esses e outros documentos podem ser baixados da se\u00e7\u00e3o Papers (Documentos) do nosso site.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_1&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][\/dsm_faq][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;drilling&#8221; module_id=&#8221;drilling&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Perfura\u00e7\u00e3o e instala\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][dsm_faq dsm_make_accordion_toggle=&#8221;on&#8221; dsm_animate_icon=&#8221;on&#8221; admin_label=&#8221;drilling faq&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;77be2b9f-999b-455f-afb8-d94da1ded8dc&#8221; hover_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; sticky_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243;][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Qual \u00e9 a profundidade m\u00e1xima em que os po\u00e7os CMT podem ser instalados?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Os po\u00e7os CMT foram instalados a uma profundidade m\u00e1xima de 260 p\u00e9s. Os comprimentos das bobinas em estoque s\u00e3o de 100 p\u00e9s, 200 p\u00e9s e 300 p\u00e9s. Mediante pedido especial, voc\u00ea pode adquirir bobinas de 400 p\u00e9s.  <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_2&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Os segmentos da tubula\u00e7\u00e3o CMT podem ser acoplados uns aos outros?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>N\u00e3o. O sistema foi projetado para ser instalado em um comprimento cont\u00ednuo, eliminando assim a possibilidade de vazamento nas juntas. <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_2&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;E se eu n\u00e3o quiser monitorar sete zonas? Preciso usar todos os canais? &#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>N\u00e3o. Voc\u00ea pode usar tantos ou t\u00e3o poucos quanto desejar. Os canais n\u00e3o utilizados n\u00e3o afetam o restante do sistema CMT. Algumas pessoas usam dois canais para monitorar uma \u00fanica zona. Elas dedicam um dos canais a uma bomba de v\u00e1lvula dupla Micro e usam o outro canal para medir os n\u00edveis de \u00e1gua. No entanto, se voc\u00ea usar dois canais para monitorar uma \u00fanica zona, reduzir\u00e1 em 50% o n\u00famero de zonas discretas que pode monitorar.     <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_2&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Que artigos ou documentos de orienta\u00e7\u00e3o foram publicados que descrevem o sistema CMT?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>V\u00e1rios artigos que descrevem o sistema de monitoramento multin\u00edvel CMT foram publicados e outros est\u00e3o sendo publicados o tempo todo. A descri\u00e7\u00e3o mais completa do sistema CMT est\u00e1 contida em um artigo t\u00e9cnico publicado na edi\u00e7\u00e3o do outono de 2002 da Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation (Einarson e Cherry, 2002). Observe, no entanto, que v\u00e1rios aprimoramentos no sistema foram feitos desde que esse artigo foi escrito. O sistema CMT tamb\u00e9m \u00e9 descrito no documento de orienta\u00e7\u00e3o de 2000 do American Petroleum Institute intitulado %22Strategies for Characterizing Sites with Releases of MTBE and other Fuel Oxygenates%22.     <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_2&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Existe um di\u00e2metro m\u00ednimo de furo que deve ser usado para po\u00e7os CMT?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Para instala\u00e7\u00f5es em que areia e pelotas de bentonita s\u00e3o despejadas no anel do furo a partir da superf\u00edcie do solo, recomendamos o uso de centralizadores CMT e um di\u00e2metro de furo de pelo menos 5 polegadas. Isso d\u00e1 ao instalador do po\u00e7o um espa\u00e7o amplo para evitar a forma\u00e7\u00e3o de pontes entre a areia e a bentonita e permite f\u00e1cil acesso ao Solinst Tag Line. Os Packers Infl\u00e1veis de Dupla A\u00e7\u00e3o Solinst est\u00e3o dispon\u00edveis, mediante pedido especial, para vedar furos de 3%22, 3,7%22 e 4%22. Os po\u00e7os CMT de sete canais podem ser instalados por meio de revestimento de press\u00e3o direta com di\u00e2metro interno (ID) de 2 polegadas ou maior. Essas instala\u00e7\u00f5es dependem do colapso da forma\u00e7\u00e3o em torno da tubula\u00e7\u00e3o CMT.    <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_2&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Que tipos de m\u00e9todos de perfura\u00e7\u00e3o podem ser usados para instalar po\u00e7os CMT?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Os po\u00e7os CMT foram instalados em furos criados com quase todos os tipos de equipamentos de perfura\u00e7\u00e3o. Um resumo dos m\u00e9todos e t\u00e9cnicas de perfura\u00e7\u00e3o para a instala\u00e7\u00e3o de po\u00e7os CMT em aqu\u00edferos n\u00e3o consolidados pode ser encontrado na se\u00e7\u00e3o Documentos e informa\u00e7\u00f5es do site da Solinst. <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_2&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Como posso encontrar um empreiteiro de perfura\u00e7\u00e3o que tenha experi\u00eancia na instala\u00e7\u00e3o de po\u00e7os CMT?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Uma lista de empreiteiras de perfura\u00e7\u00e3o que t\u00eam experi\u00eancia na instala\u00e7\u00e3o de po\u00e7os CMT est\u00e1 inclu\u00edda em nosso site. Se voc\u00ea tiver um empreiteiro com quem gostaria de trabalhar, mas que ainda n\u00e3o instalou um po\u00e7o CMT, pe\u00e7a a ele que entre em contato com a Solinst para explicar as v\u00e1rias op\u00e7\u00f5es de instala\u00e7\u00e3o de po\u00e7os CMT com diferentes tipos de equipamentos de perfura\u00e7\u00e3o. Teremos prazer em ajudar voc\u00ea e\/ou seu empreiteiro a garantir que seus po\u00e7os CMT sejam instalados com sucesso. O suporte telef\u00f4nico est\u00e1 dispon\u00edvel sem custo. O treinamento no local para voc\u00ea e\/ou seu empreiteiro est\u00e1 dispon\u00edvel por uma pequena taxa adicional necess\u00e1ria para cobrir nossos custos de tempo e deslocamento.    <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_2&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Vi fotos do sistema CMT instalado com empacotadores de bentonita. Eles est\u00e3o dispon\u00edveis na Solinst? &#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Durante o desenvolvimento inicial e os testes do sistema CMT, foram usados prot\u00f3tipos de veda\u00e7\u00f5es de bentonita. Essas veda\u00e7\u00f5es de bentonita, descritas no artigo de 2002 de Einarson e Cherry, mostraram-se muito dif\u00edceis e demoradas para serem constru\u00eddas em campo. Portanto, recomendamos que todos os materiais anulares, inclusive o pacote de areia e as veda\u00e7\u00f5es de bentonita, sejam despejados da superf\u00edcie em conjunto com os centralizadores do sistema CMT.  <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_2&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Ouvi dizer que existem empacotadores infl\u00e1veis que permitem instala\u00e7\u00f5es tempor\u00e1rias ou permanentes em aqu\u00edferos de leito rochoso. Como eles funcionam? &#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Desenvolvemos empacotadores infl\u00e1veis de dupla a\u00e7\u00e3o que s\u00e3o usados para vedar o espa\u00e7o anular entre a tubula\u00e7\u00e3o CMT e a parede do po\u00e7o em instala\u00e7\u00f5es em leito de rocha. Eles t\u00eam %22a\u00e7\u00e3o dupla%22, pois a parte interna dos packers se expande junto com a parte externa. Ao aplicar um pequeno v\u00e1cuo nos packers, a gl\u00e2ndula interna se expande ligeiramente. Em seguida, os packers deslizam facilmente sobre a tubula\u00e7\u00e3o CMT e podem ser posicionados onde for necess\u00e1rio. Quando o v\u00e1cuo \u00e9 liberado, a gl\u00e2ndula interna se retrai, prendendo os packers ao tubo CMT. As bra\u00e7adeiras s\u00e3o presas aos packers para garantir que eles n\u00e3o se movam quando o po\u00e7o for inserido no furo. Um tubo de infla\u00e7\u00e3o se conecta a cada um dos packers e se estende at\u00e9 a superf\u00edcie do solo. Quando o po\u00e7o CMT \u00e9 totalmente inserido, os packers s\u00e3o inflados com ar, nitrog\u00eanio ou \u00e1gua. A infla\u00e7\u00e3o dos packers veda o anel do furo e o espa\u00e7o entre a tubula\u00e7\u00e3o do CMT e os packers. Uma vantagem desse sistema \u00e9 que os packers podem ser desinflados e o sistema removido quando o monitoramento n\u00e3o for mais necess\u00e1rio.         <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_2&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Posso instalar po\u00e7os CMT com equipamento de press\u00e3o direta?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Sim. Muitos empreiteiros de DP est\u00e3o instalando po\u00e7os CMT de 7 canais. Normalmente, os po\u00e7os s\u00e3o instalados dentro de hastes de sonda equipadas com pontos de acionamento descart\u00e1veis. Depois que as hastes da sonda avan\u00e7am at\u00e9 a profundidade desejada, a tubula\u00e7\u00e3o CMT \u00e9 inserida. Em seguida, as hastes da sonda s\u00e3o retra\u00eddas, deixando o po\u00e7o de CMT no solo. A maioria dessas instala\u00e7\u00f5es foi feita em forma\u00e7\u00f5es arenosas, onde o solo desmorona ao redor da tubula\u00e7\u00e3o do CMT quando as hastes da sonda s\u00e3o retra\u00eddas. As instala\u00e7\u00f5es em forma\u00e7\u00f5es que n\u00e3o desmoronam s\u00e3o mais dif\u00edceis, especialmente com hastes de sonda de pequeno di\u00e2metro. O pequeno di\u00e2metro interno das hastes da sonda deixa pouco espa\u00e7o para despejar materiais anulares (ou seja, areia e pelotas de bentonita) da superf\u00edcie do solo.       <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_2&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Qual \u00e9 a melhor maneira de instalar pacotes de areia e veda\u00e7\u00f5es anulares entre as v\u00e1rias zonas monitoradas?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>A melhor maneira de instalar o pacote de areia e as veda\u00e7\u00f5es anulares \u00e9 despejando-os no anel do furo a partir da superf\u00edcie ou usando um tubo de tremula\u00e7\u00e3o. Ao instalar po\u00e7os 7-Channel CMT dessa forma, sugerimos que voc\u00ea tenha um furo com di\u00e2metro n\u00e3o inferior a 5 polegadas. Um furo de 5 polegadas de di\u00e2metro ou maior permite que voc\u00ea tenha bastante espa\u00e7o para que a areia e os pellets de bentonita caiam no fundo do furo sem formar pontes. Al\u00e9m disso, certifique-se de usar os centralizadores de baixo perfil da Solinst para manter a tubula\u00e7\u00e3o CMT centralizada no furo de sondagem. Esses centralizadores foram projetados para minimizar a probabilidade de forma\u00e7\u00e3o de pontes entre os materiais anulares durante a constru\u00e7\u00e3o do po\u00e7o. Al\u00e9m disso, voc\u00ea pode querer usar uma placa de ancoragem para evitar que o CMT se eleve no furo, especialmente quando o revestimento de acionamento (se usado) for retirado gradualmente do furo. A placa de ancoragem \u00e9 aparafusada diretamente \u00e0 porta do ponto de guia. Depois que voc\u00ea tiver inserido o CMT no po\u00e7o at\u00e9 o fundo do furo, coloque um pacote de areia na zona de monitoramento mais profunda, despejando areia no anel at\u00e9 chegar ao n\u00edvel especificado no diagrama de projeto de constru\u00e7\u00e3o do po\u00e7o. Certifique-se de medir a profundidade do pacote de areia frequentemente com o Tag Line modelo 103 da Solinst enquanto voc\u00ea estiver despejando a areia. Isso garante que voc\u00ea n\u00e3o coloque o pacote de areia muito alto no furo. Quando o pacote de areia estiver acima da porta de monitoramento do fundo, despeje pelotas de bentonita para fazer uma veda\u00e7\u00e3o entre a zona de monitoramento do fundo e a zona sobreposta. As empreiteiras relataram um bom sucesso usando pelotas de bentonita revestidas para as veda\u00e7\u00f5es anulares. Despeje as pastilhas lentamente e me\u00e7a a profundidade da veda\u00e7\u00e3o com frequ\u00eancia com a linha de marca\u00e7\u00e3o para evitar adicionar muita bentonita. Continue adicionando camadas alternadas de pacote de areia e veda\u00e7\u00f5es de bentonita conforme descrito acima, at\u00e9 os n\u00edveis especificados no diagrama de projeto de constru\u00e7\u00e3o do po\u00e7o. Informa\u00e7\u00f5es adicionais sobre a constru\u00e7\u00e3o de po\u00e7os CMT s\u00e3o apresentadas em nosso Manual de Instala\u00e7\u00e3o do CMT Modelo 403 (dispon\u00edvel em nosso site).              <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_2&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;N\u00e3o tenho espa\u00e7o em meu local de trabalho para dispor a tubula\u00e7\u00e3o a fim de marcar e instalar as portas de entrada e as telas do po\u00e7o. Que outras op\u00e7\u00f5es eu tenho? &#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Para tubula\u00e7\u00f5es longas, por exemplo, com mais de 100 p\u00e9s, muitas vezes n\u00e3o \u00e9 pr\u00e1tico colocar a tubula\u00e7\u00e3o no ch\u00e3o no local de trabalho para marcar e instalar as v\u00e1rias portas de entrada e telas de po\u00e7o. Recomendamos que voc\u00ea marque os locais das portas na tubula\u00e7\u00e3o com anteced\u00eancia e leve a tubula\u00e7\u00e3o CMT enrolada para o local de trabalho. Em seguida, voc\u00ea poder\u00e1 instalar as portas e as telas do po\u00e7o nos locais apropriados \u00e0 medida que for baixando a tubula\u00e7\u00e3o do CMT no furo. Como alternativa, o sistema CMT pode ser constru\u00eddo em qualquer lugar que tenha espa\u00e7o dispon\u00edvel, depois enrolado e transportado para o local.   <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_2&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Como fa\u00e7o para desativar os po\u00e7os CMT?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Os po\u00e7os de CMT podem ser revestidos com press\u00e3o usando uma pasta de bentonita ou cimento. O fluido injetado preencher\u00e1 cada canal do CMT e o pacote de areia adjacente a cada porta de entrada. Os po\u00e7os CMT tamb\u00e9m podem ser perfurados em excesso, se necess\u00e1rio.  <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_2&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][\/dsm_faq][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;developing&#8221; module_id=&#8221;developing&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Desenvolvimento, amostragem, monitoramento<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][dsm_faq dsm_make_accordion_toggle=&#8221;on&#8221; dsm_animate_icon=&#8221;on&#8221; admin_label=&#8221;developing faq&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;77be2b9f-999b-455f-afb8-d94da1ded8dc&#8221; hover_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; sticky_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243;][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Qual \u00e9 o volume de purga dos v\u00e1rios canais CMT por p\u00e9 de tubula\u00e7\u00e3o?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Os seis canais externos em forma de torta da tubula\u00e7\u00e3o CMT cont\u00eam, cada um, cerca de 40 ml de fluido por p\u00e9 linear de tubula\u00e7\u00e3o. O canal central comporta aproximadamente 30 ml por p\u00e9 linear. <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_3&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;E se eu n\u00e3o quiser monitorar sete zonas? Preciso usar todos os canais? &#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>N\u00e3o. Voc\u00ea pode usar tantos ou t\u00e3o poucos quanto desejar. Os canais n\u00e3o utilizados n\u00e3o afetam o restante do sistema CMT. Algumas pessoas usam dois canais para monitorar uma \u00fanica zona. Elas dedicam um dos canais a uma bomba de v\u00e1lvula dupla Micro e usam o outro canal para medir os n\u00edveis de \u00e1gua. No entanto, se voc\u00ea usar dois canais para monitorar uma \u00fanica zona, reduzir\u00e1 em 50% o n\u00famero de zonas discretas que pode monitorar.     <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_3&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Como fa\u00e7o para medir os n\u00edveis de \u00e1gua dentro dos po\u00e7os CMT?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Os n\u00edveis de \u00e1gua podem ser medidos com as fitas de n\u00edvel de \u00e1gua de pequeno di\u00e2metro Modelo 101 ou Modelo 102 da Solinst. Se voc\u00ea desejar um registro cont\u00ednuo dos n\u00edveis de \u00e1gua, poder\u00e1 instalar os transdutores Druck modelo PDCR 35\/D da Solinst. Os transdutores podem ser conectados a um registrador de dados de cabe\u00e7a de po\u00e7o ou a uma unidade de telemetria para leitura remota de um centro de coleta de dados central. Esses transdutores s\u00f3 caber\u00e3o dentro dos canais externos e n\u00e3o no canal central mais estreito.   <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_3&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Quais s\u00e3o as melhores maneiras de purgar e amostrar os po\u00e7os CMT?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Voc\u00ea tem basicamente tr\u00eas op\u00e7\u00f5es para purga e amostragem em aplica\u00e7\u00f5es de di\u00e2metro estreito. A bomba perist\u00e1ltica modelo 410 pode ser usada quando a eleva\u00e7\u00e3o de suc\u00e7\u00e3o for inferior a 7,5 m (25 p\u00e9s). A Mini Bomba Inercial (MIP) da Solinst tamb\u00e9m pode ser usada. A MIP usa tubo de eleva\u00e7\u00e3o de 1\/4%22 (6 mm) de di\u00e2metro equipado com uma v\u00e1lvula de p\u00e9 %22push-in%22. Os movimentos repetidos para cima e para baixo trazem a amostra para a superf\u00edcie de profundidades de at\u00e9 46 m (150 p\u00e9s). A purga e a amostragem tamb\u00e9m podem ser feitas com a bomba Micro Double Valve modelo 408M, que \u00e9 ideal para amostragem de baixo fluxo. A 408M \u00e9 feita de tubula\u00e7\u00e3o coaxial flex\u00edvel de 10 mm (3\/8%22) de di\u00e2metro, dispon\u00edvel em LDPE para uso at\u00e9 15 m (50 p\u00e9s) ou Teflon para uso at\u00e9 46 m (150 p\u00e9s).    <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_3&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Voc\u00ea tem algum efeito qu\u00edmico de distor\u00e7\u00f5es associadas \u00e0 tubula\u00e7\u00e3o de polietileno ou a outras partes do sistema CMT?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Existem tend\u00eancias qu\u00edmicas associadas a todos os tipos de po\u00e7os de monitoramento de \u00e1guas subterr\u00e2neas e bombas de amostragem. As poss\u00edveis tend\u00eancias qu\u00edmicas associadas ao sistema CMT est\u00e3o relacionadas (1) ao uso de tubos de polietileno e (2) aos dispositivos de amostragem usados para coletar amostras de \u00e1gua. Os contaminantes org\u00e2nicos hidrof\u00f3bicos podem se adsorver \u00e0 tubula\u00e7\u00e3o de polietileno, o que pode causar um vi\u00e9s negativo na amostragem. Em algumas situa\u00e7\u00f5es, esses mesmos compostos podem se difundir atrav\u00e9s do polietileno, seja de fora do po\u00e7o ou de canais adjacentes, o que pode causar um vi\u00e9s de amostragem positivo em alguns canais. As poss\u00edveis tend\u00eancias com contaminantes hidrof\u00edlicos, por exemplo, MTBE ou a maioria dos compostos inorg\u00e2nicos, s\u00e3o m\u00ednimas. Uma discuss\u00e3o completa sobre esses poss\u00edveis vieses de amostragem \u00e9 apresentada no artigo de Einarson e Cherry que descreve o sistema CMT, publicado na edi\u00e7\u00e3o do outono de 2002 da Groundwater Monitoring and Remediation.       <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_3&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;As amostras de \u00e1gua subterr\u00e2nea coletadas de po\u00e7os CMT s\u00e3o t\u00e3o boas quanto as amostras coletadas de po\u00e7os de monitoramento convencionais de 2 ou 4 polegadas?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>As amostras de \u00e1gua subterr\u00e2nea dos po\u00e7os CMT n\u00e3o s\u00e3o apenas t\u00e3o boas quanto as amostras coletadas dos po\u00e7os de monitoramento tradicionais, elas geralmente s\u00e3o melhores! O mais importante \u00e9 que as amostras dos po\u00e7os CMT s\u00e3o amostras discretas do aqu\u00edfero, e n\u00e3o amostras compostas t\u00edpicas de po\u00e7os de monitoramento convencionais com triagem longa. Consequentemente, se a concentra\u00e7\u00e3o de um contaminante em uma amostra coletada de um determinado canal CMT for baixa, voc\u00ea pode ter certeza de que a concentra\u00e7\u00e3o no aqu\u00edfero naquela profundidade \u00e9 realmente baixa, em vez de ser baixa devido \u00e0 dilui\u00e7\u00e3o, como pode ser o caso de um po\u00e7o de monitoramento convencional. Uma discuss\u00e3o adicional sobre os vieses de amostragem associados aos po\u00e7os de monitoramento convencionais e as vantagens t\u00e9cnicas do monitoramento multin\u00edvel de \u00e1guas subterr\u00e2neas \u00e9 apresentada em nossa Se\u00e7\u00e3o de Artigos. Al\u00e9m disso, as amostras de \u00e1gua coletadas dos po\u00e7os CMT geralmente s\u00e3o menos turvas do que as amostras coletadas dos po\u00e7os de monitoramento convencionais. O tamanho da fenda da tela e o pacote de areia de um po\u00e7o de monitoramento convencional costumam ser um compromisso, devido \u00e0 ampla gama de tamanhos de gr\u00e3os presentes no intervalo filtrado da maioria dos po\u00e7os. As telas do po\u00e7o e o pacote de areia podem ser muito pequenos para a fra\u00e7\u00e3o mais grossa, mas muito grandes para as camadas de granula\u00e7\u00e3o fina dentro da zona filtrada. Isso leva a altos n\u00edveis de turbidez nas amostras de \u00e1gua, pois os sedimentos de granula\u00e7\u00e3o fina n\u00e3o s\u00e3o filtrados com efic\u00e1cia pelas telas do po\u00e7o e pelo pacote de areia. Os po\u00e7os CMT, por outro lado, normalmente monitoram intervalos curtos e discretos em um aqu\u00edfero. A tela do po\u00e7o e o pacote de areia em cada zona monitorada podem ser otimizados para o tamanho do gr\u00e3o dos sedimentos em cada intervalo. Cada porta de entrada em um po\u00e7o CMT pode ter uma tela de po\u00e7o e um pacote de areia de tamanho diferente, dependendo da litologia dos materiais do aqu\u00edfero em cada zona monitorada. Essa flexibilidade na constru\u00e7\u00e3o do po\u00e7o otimiza as caracter\u00edsticas de filtragem do po\u00e7o CMT, resultando em amostras de \u00e1gua claras e sem turbidez. Os po\u00e7os CMT t\u00eam outras vantagens em rela\u00e7\u00e3o aos po\u00e7os de monitoramento convencionais. Primeiro, o volume de purga dos po\u00e7os CMT \u00e9 muito pequeno. Isso significa que h\u00e1 menos \u00e1gua contaminada que requer tratamento ou descarte durante a amostragem de rotina. Tomemos o caso de um po\u00e7o CMT de 4 zonas que tem portas em profundidades de 20, 40, 60 e 80 p\u00e9s. Supondo que o n\u00edvel est\u00e1tico da \u00e1gua esteja 10 p\u00e9s abaixo da superf\u00edcie do solo, o volume de \u00e1gua necess\u00e1rio para purgar duas vezes o %22volume do revestimento%22 dos quatro canais seria de cerca de 13 litros ou menos de 3,5 gal\u00f5es! Em segundo lugar, os po\u00e7os CMT detectam altera\u00e7\u00f5es na press\u00e3o piezom\u00e9trica com mais precis\u00e3o do que os po\u00e7os de monitoramento tradicionais. Os po\u00e7os de monitoramento de duas ou quatro polegadas de di\u00e2metro armazenam muita \u00e1gua em compara\u00e7\u00e3o com os canais individuais em um po\u00e7o CMT. A grande quantidade de \u00e1gua armazenada em um po\u00e7o de monitoramento convencional significa que o po\u00e7o ser\u00e1 lento para responder \u00e0s mudan\u00e7as na press\u00e3o piezom\u00e9trica do aqu\u00edfero. Isso \u00e9 especialmente verdadeiro em forma\u00e7\u00f5es de baixo rendimento, onde semanas e at\u00e9 meses podem ser necess\u00e1rios para recarregar as carca\u00e7as do po\u00e7o at\u00e9 o n\u00edvel de \u00e1gua est\u00e1tico. Os po\u00e7os CMT, por outro lado, respondem e se equilibram rapidamente devido ao baixo volume dos v\u00e1rios canais.                     <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_3&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Tenho condi\u00e7\u00f5es artesianas de fluxo em meu local. Voc\u00ea tem uma maneira de conectar e coletar amostras das portas na cabe\u00e7a do po\u00e7o? &#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Sim. H\u00e1 plugues de expans\u00e3o especiais dispon\u00edveis para vedar os v\u00e1rios canais na cabe\u00e7a do po\u00e7o. Os tamp\u00f5es t\u00eam v\u00e1lvulas opcionais que permitem que voc\u00ea colete amostras de \u00e1gua subterr\u00e2nea simplesmente abrindo as v\u00e1lvulas. Os medidores de press\u00e3o tamb\u00e9m podem ser conectados aos plugues na cabe\u00e7a do po\u00e7o para medir as press\u00f5es piezom\u00e9tricas em cada zona monitorada.   <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_3&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][dsm_faq_child dsm_title=&#8221;Como fa\u00e7o para desenvolver po\u00e7os de CMT?&#8221; dsm_content=&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><span>Temos tido sucesso na purga dos po\u00e7os com bombas perist\u00e1lticas e minibombas inerciais. Obviamente, voc\u00ea n\u00e3o pode desenvolver po\u00e7os CMT da mesma forma que faria com um po\u00e7o de abastecimento de \u00e1gua, mas esse tipo de desenvolvimento rigoroso n\u00e3o \u00e9 necess\u00e1rio com po\u00e7os de monitoramento de pequeno di\u00e2metro. O objetivo do desenvolvimento de po\u00e7os CMT, que geralmente \u00e9 facilmente alcan\u00e7ado, \u00e9 estabelecer uma conex\u00e3o hidr\u00e1ulica com a forma\u00e7\u00e3o. O po\u00e7o n\u00e3o ser\u00e1 100% eficiente, mas os valores de carga hidr\u00e1ulica medidos no po\u00e7o ser\u00e3o precisos, e o po\u00e7o produzir\u00e1 \u00e1gua mais do que suficiente para a amostragem (supondo que a forma\u00e7\u00e3o seja razoavelmente perme\u00e1vel). Se voc\u00ea adicionou \u00e1gua ao perfurar o po\u00e7o ou ao construir o po\u00e7o, a melhor maneira de lidar com isso \u00e9 simplesmente esperar v\u00e1rios dias para que a \u00e1gua adicionada %22des\u00e7a%22 pelo gradiente. Para locais com velocidades t\u00edpicas de \u00e1gua subterr\u00e2nea (0,5 a 2 p\u00e9s por dia), a \u00e1gua adicionada durante a perfura\u00e7\u00e3o e\/ou constru\u00e7\u00e3o do po\u00e7o ter\u00e1 se afastado das portas de entrada do CMT em v\u00e1rios dias. Se a \u00e1gua adicionada durante a perfura\u00e7\u00e3o tiver uma condutividade el\u00e9trica (CE) diferente da \u00e1gua de forma\u00e7\u00e3o, voc\u00ea poder\u00e1 monitorar a CE na \u00e1gua bombeada do po\u00e7o para confirmar que a \u00e1gua de perfura\u00e7\u00e3o desapareceu. Alguns consultores adicionaram brometo de pot\u00e1ssio (um tra\u00e7ador inerte comumente usado em pesquisas de \u00e1guas subterr\u00e2neas) como tra\u00e7ador \u00e0 \u00e1gua de perfura\u00e7\u00e3o\/constru\u00e7\u00e3o e, em seguida, monitoraram a \u00e1gua de purga no po\u00e7o CMT com um eletrodo espec\u00edfico de brometo para verificar se a \u00e1gua de perfura\u00e7\u00e3o n\u00e3o est\u00e1 mais nas proximidades do po\u00e7o CMT antes de coletar amostras. Entre em contato conosco para obter detalhes.        <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; parentOrderClass=&#8221;dsm_faq_3&#8243;][\/dsm_faq_child][\/dsm_faq][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.2&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><span>\u00ae Solinst e CMT s\u00e3o marcas registradas da Solinst Canada Ltd.<\/span><br role=\"presentation\" data-uw-rm-sr=\"\"><span>*Patentes #6,865,933 B1, #6,758,274 B2, #2,260,587, #6,581,682, #2,347,702 e #2,381,807<\/span><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column_inner][\/et_pb_row_inner][et_pb_row_inner _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221;][et_pb_column_inner saved_specialty_column_type=&#8221;3_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221;][et_pb_code _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; admin_label=&#8221;Snippet de FAQ do Schema.org&#8221; hover_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243; sticky_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243;]<script type=\"application\/ld+json\"><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  \"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  \"@type\": \"FAQPage\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  \"mainEntity\": [{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"Can segments of the CMT tubing be coupled together?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"No. The system is designed to be installed in one continuous length, thus eliminating the possibility of leakage at joints.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"Are CMT wells accepted by regulators? How do I convince my regulator that the system yields reliable data?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"Based on what we hear, an emphatic YES! However, the system is still new to many people, including many State and local regulators. Once they are introduced to the system, though, most regulators whole-heartedly support the use of CMT wells. They look forward to the better plume definition afforded with multi-level monitoring, especially compared to the composite samples from long-screened monitoring wells that they have had to settle for in the past. A common concern expressed by the regulatory community is the integrity of the borehole annular seals that prevent vertical movement of groundwater between different zones. This is one of the key advantages of the CMT System. Unlike nested wells where several casings are placed in a single borehole, there is only one casing \u2013 or more accurately, one tube \u2013 in the borehole with the CMT System. This simplifies the installation and improves the reliability of annular seals installed between the various monitored zones. Another concern expressed by some regulators is the quality of the groundwater samples collected from CMT wells. The best way to inform your regulator of the advantages of multilevel monitoring using the CMT System is to direct them to the recently published paper on the CMT System authored by its inventors, Murray Einarson and John Cherry. That paper (Einarson and Cherry, GWMR Fall 2002) can be downloaded from our website.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"Are there any chemical affects or biases associated with the polyethylene tubing or other parts of the CMT system?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"Here are chemical biases associated with all types of groundwater monitoring wells and sampling pumps. Potential chemical biases associated with the CMT system relate to (1) the use of polyethylene tubing and (2) the sampling devices used to collect water samples. Hydrophobic organic contaminants can sorb to the polyethylene tubing, potentially causing a negative sampling bias. In some situations, those same compounds can diffuse through the polyethylene, either from outside of the well or from adjacent channels, potentially causing a positive sampling bias in some channels. Potential biases with hydrophyllic contaminants, e.g. MTBE or most inorganic compounds is minimal. A thorough discussion of these potential sampling biases is presented in the Einarson and Cherry Paper describing the CMT system that was published in the Fall 2002 issue of Groundwater Monitoring and Remediation. (See the Papers Section of this web site.)\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"Why is the system not available in Teflon\u00ae?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"We explored the idea of making CMT tubing out of Teflon but rejected it for a couple of reasons. First, Teflon is a difficult polymer to work with and it is not possible to extrude Teflon in the shape of the current CMT system. Second, Teflon is very expensive, which would drive the cost of the CMT system up by as much as ten-fold. Finally, Teflon isn't immune to sampling biases; hydrophobic VOCs can diffuse through the walls of Teflon tubing just as they can through the walls of polyethylene tubing.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"How are CMT wells diffferent than \\\"nested wells\\\"?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"CMT wells are indeed very different than \\\"nested wells\\\". In fact, the CMT System was designed in part because of the problems inherent with nested wells. Nested wells are multilevel wells that have multiple casings in a single borehole. That type of well construction was popular in the 1970s and early 1980s. However, the use of nested wells is strongly discouraged by US EPA and other regulatory agencies because of the many documented cases where poor seals between the casings led to cross-connection of the various monitored zones. Most boreholes are not perfectly straight or plumb, and the casings inevitably end up lying against each other in some portions of the borehole. Bentonite pellets and\/or cement grouts may not completely fill in the spaces between the casings, resulting in void spaces that allow cross-communication between the different monitoring zones. In areas where nested wells are still allowed, there are usually requirements that spacers be used to keep the various casings apart in the borehole. There is usually also a requirement that 2-inch annular seals be installed between each of the individual well casings. This requirement results in boreholes that must be 12 inches in diameter or larger. The increased cost of the larger boreholes quickly makes nested wells less attractive than clusters of individual wells, especially when the uncertainty of the annular seals is factored in. With the CMT System, the various monitoring channels are inside the CMT tubing. Thus, there is only one, smooth-walled tube within the borehole. The tubing is centered inside the borehole using Solinst's low-profile centralizers, and 2-inch-thick annular seals can be installed easily and reliably in a single borehole as small as 5.6 inches in diameter.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"Do CMT wells comply with state and county well construction standards?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"Well construction standards vary from region to region, but CMT wells should be in full compliance with well construction standards in most areas. Many states and counties require a 2 inch annular seal between the well casing and borehole wall. That is easily achieved with CMT wells. Given the relatively small diameter of the system (1.6 inches), the requirement for a 2 inch seal is met by installing the system in a borehole that is 5.6 inches in diameter or larger. Low-profile centralizers ensure that CMT wells are centered in the borehole and that the sealing material fills the space surrounding the CMT tubing evenly.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"What is the purge volume of the various CMT channels per foot of tubing?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"The outer 6 pie-shaped channels of the CMT tubing each hold 40 ml of fluid per linear foot of tubing. The central channel holds approximately 30 ml per linear foot.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"Why is the CMT System less expensive than other multilevel systems?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"There are a couple of reasons for this. First, the tubing is made of high-density polyethylene (HDPE), which is an inexpensive material that is commonly used for environmental sampling. Second, there are no joints in the tubing; the tubing is continuous from the ground surface to the bottom of the borehole. Joints increase the cost of monitoring wells because they require sophisticated design and careful machining to maintain tensile strength and prevent leakage.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"What papers or guidance documents have been published that describe the CMT System?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"Several papers describing the CMT multilevel monitoring system have been published and more are being published all the time. The most complete description of the CMT System is contained in a technical paper published in the Fall 2002 issue of Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation (Einarson and Cherry, 2002). Note, however, that several improvements to the system have been made since that paper was written. The CMT System is also described in the American Petroleum Institute's 2000 guidance document titled \\\"Strategies for Characterizing Sites with Releases of MTBE and other Fuel Oxygenates\\\". These documents and others can be downloaded from the Papers section of our website.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"Does the Waterloo Multilevel System have any advantages over the CMT System?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"Yes, the Waterloo System is more suitable for deeper applications, applications that require special materials, such as stainless steel or Teflon and for applications which require dedicated pumps and pressure transducers in up to 8 zones.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"I don't have room at my job site to lay out the tubing in order to mark and install the intake ports and well screens. What other options do I have?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"For long lengths of tubing, e.g. greater than 100 feet, it is often impractical to lay the tubing on the ground at the job site in order to mark and install the various intake ports and well screens. We recommend that you mark the locations of the ports on the tubing ahead of time and bring the coiled CMT tubing to the jobsite. You can then install the ports and well screens at the proper locations as you are lowering the CMT tubing into the borehole. Alternatively, the CMT System can be built anywhere that room is available, then coiled and transported to the site.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"Why is the CMT tubing not available in larger diameters?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"We explored making the CMT tubing in larger diameters, but found that doing so had undesirable results. First, increasing the diameter of the tubing resulted in a decrease in the collapse strength of the tubing. Second, the larger-diameter tubing was more difficult to coil, and could not be coiled in diameters small enough to ship with common carriers. Rather than make the tubing larger, we developed water level measuring tapes and sampling pumps that would easily fit down all of the channels of the existing CMT tubing. See Model 101M and Model 102 Water Level Meters.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"What is the history of the CMT System?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"The CMT system was originally developed by Murray Einarson while he was a graduate student at the University of Waterloo in Ontario, Canada. At the time Murray was a partner in the California-based company, Precision Sampling, which retained ownership of the CMT patent rights until Precision was sold to Conor Pacific Environmental in 1998. In 1999, Murray obtained sole ownership of the patent rights from Conor Pacific and signed an agreement with Solinst, giving them exclusive world-wide rights to manufacture and sell the system. Since that time, Solinst has further developed the CMT System, designing reliable mechanical seals for each channel, a guide point port to allow easy access to the central channel, and a set of specialized tools to simplify system assembly.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"How many CMT wells have been installed to date?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"Thousands of CMT wells have been installed on four continents around the world. CMT wells have been installed in most states in the US and in Canada, the UK, Italy, Singapore, and South Africa.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"Can CMT wells be used for soil gas sampling?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"Yes. Special fittings are available to collect soil gas samples from all channels of the CMT tubing. Contact us for details.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"What kind of hydraulic tests can I perform in CMT wells?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"CMT wells make ideal multilevel observation wells during groundwater pumping tests. Hydraulic tests have also been performed in the wells themselves. Most tests performed in CMT wells performed to date have been slug tests where compressed air is used to depress the water level in the test zone. The compressed air is suddenly released, and the recovery of the interval is monitored by measuring the rising water level over time. Small diameter transducers greatly simplify monitoring of the water level recovery, especially in coarse-grained formations that recover quickly. A good source of information pertaining to hydraulic testing in small-diameter wells can be found at the University of Kansas website: http:\/\/www.geo.ku.edu\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"Are groundwater samples collected from CMT wells as good as samples collected from 2-inch or 4-inch conventional monitoring wells?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"Groundwater samples from CMT wells are not only as good as samples collected from traditional monitoring wells, they are usually better! Most importantly, samples from CMT wells are discrete samples from the aquifer, not composite samples typical of long-screened conventional monitoring wells. Consequently, if the concentration of a contaminant in a sample collected from a particular CMT channel is low, you can be confident that the concentration in the aquifer at that depth is indeed low, rather than being low because of dilution as may be the case with a conventional monitoring well. Additional discussion of the sampling biases associated with conventional monitoring wells and the technical advantages of multilevel groundwater monitoring is presented in our Papers Section. In addition, water samples collected from CMT wells are often less turbid than samples collected from conventional monitoring wells. The screen slot size and sand pack of a conventional monitoring well is often a compromise owing to the wide range of grain sizes present within the screened interval of most wells. The well screens and sand pack may be too small for the coarser fraction, but too large for the fine-grained layers within the screened zone. This leads to high levels of turbidity in the water samples since the fine-grained sediments are not effectively filtered by the well screens and sand pack. CMT wells, on the other hand, typically monitor short, discrete intervals in an aquifer. The well screen and sand pack in each monitored zone can be optimized for the grain size of the sediments within each interval. Each intake port in a CMT well can have a different well screen and sand pack size depending on the lithology of the aquifer materials in each monitored zone. This flexibility in well construction optimizes the filtration characteristics of the CMT well, resulting in clear, turbidity-free water samples. CMT wells have other advantages over conventional monitoring wells. First, the purge volume of CMT wells is very small. That means that there is less contaminated water requiring treatment or disposal during routine sampling. Take the case of a 4-zone CMT well that has ports at depths of 20, 40, 60, and 80 feet. Assuming that the static water level is 10 feet below the ground surface, the volume of water required to purge two times the \\\"casing volume\\\" of the four channels would be about 7 liters or less than 2 gallons! Second, CMT wells detect changes in piezometric pressure more accurately than traditional monitoring wells. Two- or 4-inch-diameter monitoring wells store a lot of water compared to the individual channels in a CMT well. The large amount of water stored in a conventional monitoring well means that the well will be slow to respond to changes in piezometric pressure in the aquifer. This is especially true in low-yield formations, where weeks and even months may be required to fill the well casings to the static water level. CMT wells, on the other hand, respond and equilibrate quickly because of the low volume of the various channels.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"How are CMT wells different than \\\"nested wells\\\"?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"CMT wells are indeed very different than \\\"nested wells\\\". In fact, the CMT System was designed in part because of the problems inherent with nested wells. Nested wells are multilevel wells that have multiple casings in a single borehole. That type of well construction was popular in the 1970s and early 1980s. However, the use of nested wells is strongly discouraged by US EPA and other regulatory agencies because of the many documented cases where poor seals between the casings led to cross-connection of the various monitored zones.<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] --><!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->Most boreholes are not perfectly straight or plumb, and the casings inevitably end up lying against each other in some portions of the borehole. Bentonite pellets and\/or cement grouts may not completely fill in the spaces between the casings, resulting in void spaces that allow cross-communication between the different monitoring zones. In areas where nested wells are still allowed, there are usually requirements that spacers be used to keep the various casings apart in the borehole. There is usually also a requirement that 2-inch annular seals be installed between each of the individual well casings. This requirement results in boreholes that must be 12 inches in diameter or larger. The increased cost of the larger boreholes quickly makes nested wells less attractive than clusters of individual wells, especially when the uncertainty of the annular seals is factored in. With the CMT System, the various monitoring channels are inside the CMT tubing. Thus, there is only one, smooth-walled tube within the borehole. The tubing is centered inside the borehole using Solinst's low-profile centralizers, and 2-inch-thick annular seals can be installed easily and reliably in a single borehole as small as 5.6 inches in diameter.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"Do CMT wells comply with state and county well construction standards?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"Well construction standards vary from region to region, but CMT wells should be in full compliance with well construction standards in most areas. Many states and counties require a 2 inch annular seal between the well casing and borehole wall. That is easily achieved with CMT wells. Given the relatively small diameter of the system (1.6 inches), the requirement for a 2 inch seal is met by installing the system in a borehole that is 5.6 inches in diameter or larger. Low-profile centralizers ensure that CMT wells are centered in the borehole and that the sealing material fills the space surrounding the CMT tubing evenly.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"Are CMT wells accepted by regulators? How do I convince my regulator that the System yields reliable data?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"Based on what we hear, an emphatic YES! However, the system is still new to many people, including many State and local regulators. Once they are introduced to the system, though, most regulators whole-heartedly support the use of CMT wells. They look forward to the better plume definition afforded with multi-level monitoring, especially compared to the composite samples from long-screened monitoring wells that they have had to settle for in the past. A common concern expressed by the regulatory community is the integrity of the borehole annular seals that prevent vertical movement of groundwater between different zones. This is one of the key advantages of the CMT System. Unlike nested wells where several casings are placed in a single borehole, there is only one casing - or more accurately, one tube - in the borehole with the CMT System. This simplifies the installation and improves the reliability of annular seals installed between the various monitored zones. Another concern expressed by some regulators is the quality of the groundwater samples collected from CMT wells. Until recently, the only way to sample CMT wells was with a Peristaltic Pump or Mini Inertial Pump. Now Solinst has a Micro Double Valve Pump and sample integrity is no longer an issue. Several government and university studies show that pneumatic pumps like the Micro Double Valve pump yield very high quality groundwater samples. The best way to inform your regulator of the advantages of multilevel monitoring using the CMT System is to direct them to the recently published paper on the CMT System authored by its inventors, Murray Einarson and John Cherry. That paper (Einarson and Cherry, GWMR Fall 2002) can be downloaded from our website.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"What papers or guidance documents have been published that describe the CMT System?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"Several papers describing the CMT multilevel monitoring system have been published and more are being published all the time. The most complete description of the CMT system is contained in a technical paper published in the fall 2002 issue of Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation (Einarson and Cherry, 2002). Note, however, that several improvements to the system have been made since that paper was written. The CMT system is also described in the American Petroleum Institute's 2000 guidance document titled \\\"Strategies for Characterizing Sites with Releases of MTBE and other Fuel Oxygenates.\\\" These documents and others can be downloaded from the Papers section of our website.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"What is the maximum depth that CMT wells can be installed?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"CMT wells have been installed to a maximum depth of 260 feet. Stock coil lengths are 100 ft, 200 ft & 300 ft. On special order 400 ft coils are available.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"Can segments of the CMT tubing be coupled together?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"No. The system is designed to be installed in one continuous length, thus eliminating the possibility of leakage at joints.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"What if I don't want to monitor seven zones? Do I have to use all the channels?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"No. You can use as many or as few as you like. Unused channels do not affect the rest of the CMT System. Some people use two channels to monitor a single zone. They dedicate one of the channels to a Micro Double Valve Pump and use the other channel for measuring water levels. If you use two channels to monitor a single zone, however, you will reduce the number of discrete zones that you can monitor by 50%.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"What papers or guidance documents have been published that describe the CMT System?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"Several papers describing the CMT multilevel monitoring system have been published and more are being published all the time. The most complete description of the CMT system is contained in a technical paper published in the fall 2002 issue of Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation (Einarson and Cherry, 2002). Note, however, that several improvements to the system have been made since that paper was written. The CMT system is also described in the American Petroleum Institute's 2000 guidance document titled 'Strategies for Characterizing Sites with Releases of MTBE and other Fuel Oxygenates.'\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"Is there a minimum borehole diameter that should be used for CMT wells?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"For installations where sand and bentonite pellets are poured into the borehole annulus from the ground surface, we recommend using CMT centralizers and a borehole diameter of at least 5 inches. That gives the well installer ample space to avoid bridging the sand and bentonite and allows easy access for the Solinst Tag Line. Solinst Double Acting Inflatable Packers are available, by special order, to seal 3\\\", 3.7\\\" and 4\\\" boreholes. Seven-channel CMT wells can be installed through direct-push casing having an inside diameter (ID) of 2 inches or larger. These installations rely on the formation collapsing around the CMT tubing.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"What kinds of drilling methods can be usd to install CMT wells?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"CMT wells have been installed in boreholes created with nearly all types of drilling equipment. A summary of Drilling Methods & Techniques for installing CMT wells in Unconsolidated Aquifers can be found in the Papers & Information section of the Solinst website.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"How do I find a drilling contractor who has experience installing CMT wells?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"A listing of drilling contractors who have experience installing CMT wells is included on our website. If you have a contractor that you would like to work with but who has not yet installed a CMT well, please have the contractor contact Solinst to explain the various options for installing CMT wells with different types of drilling equipment. We are happy to assist you and\/or your contractor to make sure that your CMT wells are installed successfully. Telephone support is available at no cost. On-site training for you and\/or your contractor is available for a small additional fee necessary to cover our time and travel costs.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"I've seen pictures of the CMT System installed with bentonite packers. Are they available from Solinst?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"Prototype bentonite packers were used during the initial development and testing of the CMT system. Those bentonite seals, which are described in the 2002 Einarson and Cherry paper, proved to be too difficult and time-consuming to construct in the field. Therefore, we recommend that all annular materials, including sand pack and bentonite seals, be poured from the surface in conjunction with CMT System Centralizers.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"I've heard that inflatable packers exist that allow for temporary or permanent installations in bedrock aquifers. How do they work?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"We have developed Double-Acting Inflatable Packers that are used to seal the annular space between the CMT tubing and the borehole wall in bedrock installations. They are \\\"double acting\\\" in that the inside of the packers expand along with the outside of the packers. By applying a small vacuum to the packers, the inner gland expands slightly. The packers then slide easily over the CMT tubing and can be positioned where needed. When the vacuum is released, the inner gland retracts, securing the packers to the CMT tubing. Clamps are attached to the packers to ensure that they don't move when the well is inserted into the borehole. An inflation tube connects to each of the packers and extends to the ground surface. When the CMT well is fully inserted, the packers are inflated with air, nitrogen, or water. Inflating the packers seals both the borehole annulus and the space between the CMT tubing and the packers. An advantage of this system is that the packers can be deflated and the system removed when monitoring is no longer needed.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"Can I install CMT wells with direct-push equipment?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"Yes. Many DP contractors are installing 7-Channel CMT wells. The wells are typically installed inside of probe rods equipped with disposable drive points. Once the probe rods have been advanced to the desired depth, the CMT tubing is inserted. Then, the probe rods are retracted, leaving the CMT well in the ground. Most of these installations have been in sandy formations where the soil collapses around the CMT tubing when the probe rods are retracted. Installations in formations that do not collapse are more difficult, especially with small-diameter probe rods. The small inside diameter of the probe rods leaves little space to pour annular materials (i.e. sand and bentonite pellets) from the ground surface.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"What is the best way to install sand packs and annular seals between the various monitored zones?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"The best way to install sand pack and annular seals is by pouring them into the borehole annulus from the surface or using a tremie pipe. When installing 7-Channel CMT wells this way, we suggest that you have a borehole no smaller than 5 inches in diameter. A borehole 5 inches in diameter or larger allows plenty of room for sand and bentonite pellets to fall to the bottom of the borehole without bridging. Also, be sure to use Solinst's low-profile centralizers to keep the CMT tubing centered in the borehole. These centralizers have been designed to minimize the likelihood of bridging the annular materials when building the well. Also, you may want to use an Anchor Plate to keep the CMT from rising up in the borehole, especially when drive casing (if used) is incrementally withdrawn from the borehole. The Anchor Plate is bolted directly to the Guide Point Port. After you have inserted the CMT well to the bottom of the hole, place a sandpack across the deepest monitoring zone by pouring sand into the annulus until it comes up to the level specified in your well construction design diagram. Be sure to measure the depth of the sand pack frequently with Solinst's Model 103 Tag Line while you are pouring the sand. This ensures that you don't bring the sand pack too high up in the borehole. Once the sand pack is above the bottom monitoring port, pour bentonite pellets to make a seal between the bottom monitoring zone and the overlying one. Contractors have reported good success using coated bentonite pellets for the annular seals. Pour the pellets slowly, and measure the depth of the seal frequently with the tag line to avoid adding too much bentonite. Continue adding alternating layers of sand pack and bentonite seals as described above, up to the levels specified in your well construction design diagram. Additional information about constructing CMT wells is presented in our Model 403 CMT Installation Manual (available on our site).\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"I don't have room at my job site to lay out the tubing in order to mark and install the intake ports and well screens. What other options do I have?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"For long lengths of tubing, e.g. greater than 100 feet, it is often impractical to lay the tubing on the ground at the job site in order to mark and install the various intake ports and well screens. We recommend that you mark the locations of the ports on the tubing ahead of time and bring the coiled CMT tubing to the jobsite. You can then install the ports and well screens at the proper locations as you are lowering the CMT tubing into the borehole. Alternatively, the CMT System can be built anywhere that room is available, then coiled and transported to the site.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"How do I decommission CMT wells?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"CMT wells can be pressure grouted using a bentonite or cement slurry. The injected fluid will fill each CMT channel and the sand pack adjacent to each intake port. CMT wells can also be over drilled if necessary.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"What is the purge volume of the various CMT channels per foot of tubing?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"The outer 6 pie-shaped channels of the CMT tubing each hold about 40 ml of fluid per linear foot of tubing. The central channel holds approximately 30 ml per linear foot.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"What if I don't want to monitor seven zones? Do I have to use all the channels?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"No. You can use as many or as few as you like. Unused channels do not affect the rest of the CMT System. Some people use two channels to monitor a single zone. They dedicate one of the channels to a Micro Double Valve Pump and use the other channel for measuring water levels. If you use two channels to monitor a single zone, however, you will reduce the number of discrete zones that you can monitor by 50%.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"How do I measure water levels inside CMT wells?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"Water levels can be measured with Solinst's Model 101 or Model 102 small-diameter water level tapes. If continuous recording of water levels is desired, you can install Solinst's Model PDCR 35\/D Druck transducers. The transducers can be connected to a wellhead datalogger or a telemetry unit for remote reading from a central data collection center. These transducers will only fit inside the outer channels and not the narrower center channel.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"What are the best ways to purge and sample CMT wells?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"You basically have 3 choices for purging and sampling in narrow diameter applications. The Model 410 Peristaltic Pump can be used where the suction lift is less than 25 ft (7.5 m). Solinst's Mini Inertial Pump (MIP) can also be used. The MIP uses 1\/4\\\" (6mm) dia. riser tubing fitted with a \\\"push-in\\\" foot valve. Repeated up and down strokes brings the sample to surface from depths up to 150 ft. (46m). Purge & sampling can also be done with the Model 408M Micro Double Valve pump which is ideal for low flow sampling. The 408M is made of 3\/8\\\" (10mm) dia. flexible coaxial tubing available in LDPE for use to 50 ft. (15m) or Teflon for use down to 150 ft. (46m) The 408M uses a drive gas which is delivered through a controller.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"Are there any chemical affects of biases associated with the polyethylene tubing or other parts of the CMT system?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"There are chemical biases associated with all types of groundwater monitoring wells and sampling pumps. Potential chemical biases associated with the CMT system relate to (1) the use of polyethylene tubing and (2) the sampling devices used to collect water samples. Hydrophobic organic contaminants can sorb to the polyethylene tubing, potentially causing a negative sampling bias. In some situations, those same compounds can diffuse through the polyethylene, either from outside of the well or from adjacent channels, potentially causing a positive sampling bias in some channels. Potential biases with hydrophyllic contaminants, e.g. MTBE or most inorganic compounds is minimal. A thorough discussion of these potential sampling biases is presented in the Einarson and Cherry Paper describing the CMT system that was published in the Fall 2002 issue of Groundwater Monitoring and Remediation.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"Are groundwater samples collected from CMT wells as good as samples collected from 2-inch or 4-inch conventional monitoring wells?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"Groundwater samples from CMT wells are not only as good as samples collected from traditional monitoring wells, they are usually better! Most importantly, samples from CMT wells are discrete samples from the aquifer, not composite samples typical of long-screened conventional monitoring wells. Consequently, if the concentration of a contaminant in a sample collected from a particular CMT channel is low, you can be confident that the concentration in the aquifer at that depth is indeed low, rather than being low because of dilution as may be the case with a conventional monitoring well. Additional discussion of the sampling biases associated with conventional monitoring wells and the technical advantages of multilevel groundwater monitoring is presented in our Papers Section. In addition, water samples collected from CMT wells are often less turbid than samples collected from conventional monitoring wells. The screen slot size and sand pack of a conventional monitoring well is often a compromise owing to the wide range of grain sizes present within the screened interval of most wells. The well screens and sand pack may be too small for the coarser fraction, but too large for the fine-grained layers within the screened zone. This leads to high levels of turbidity in the water samples since the fine-grained sediments are not effectively filtered by the well screens and sand pack. CMT wells, on the other hand, typically monitor short, discrete intervals in an aquifer. The well screen and sand pack in each monitored zone can be optimized for the grain size of the sediments within each interval. Each intake port in a CMT well can have a different well screen and sand pack size depending on the lithology of the aquifer materials in each monitored zone. This flexibility in well construction optimizes the filtration characteristics of the CMT well, resulting in clear, turbidity-free water samples. CMT wells have other advantages over conventional monitoring wells. First, the purge volume of CMT wells is very small. That means that there is less contaminated water requiring treatment or disposal during routine sampling. Take the case of a 4-zone CMT well that has ports at depths of 20, 40, 60, and 80 feet. Assuming that the static water level is 10 feet below the ground surface, the volume of water required to purge two times the \\\"casing volume\\\" of the four channels would be about 13 liters or less than 3.5 gallons! Second, CMT wells detect changes in piezometric pressure more accurately than traditional monitoring wells. Two- or 4-inch-diameter monitoring wells store a lot of water compared to the individual channels in a CMT well. The large amount of water stored in a conventional monitoring well means that the well will be slow to respond to changes in piezometric pressure in the aquifer. This is especially true in low-yield formations, where weeks and even months may be required to recharge the well casings to the static water level. CMT wells, on the other hand, respond and equilibrate quickly because of the low volume of the various channels.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"I have flowing artesian conditions at my site. Do you have a way to plug and sample the ports at the wellhead?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"Yes. Special expansion plugs are available to seal the various channels at the wellhead. The plugs have optional valves which allow you to collect groundwater samples simply by opening the valves. Pressure gauges can also be attached to the plugs at the wellhead in order to measure the piezometric pressures in each monitored zone.\"<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    }<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->  },{<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"@type\": \"Question\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"name\": \"How do I develop CMT wells?\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->    \"acceptedAnswer\": {<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"@type\": \"Answer\",<!-- [et_pb_line_break_holder] -->      \"text\": \"We have had good success purging the wells with Peristaltic Pumps and Mini Inertial Pumps. You cannot, of course, develop CMT wells the way you would a water supply well, but that type of rigorous development isn't required with small-diameter monitoring wells. The goal of developing CMT wells, which is usually easily achieved, is to establish hydraulic connection with the formation. The well won't be 100% efficient, but the hydraulic head values measured in the well will be accurate, and the well will yield more than enough water to sample (assuming that the formation is reasonably permeable). If you added water when drilling the borehole or constructing the well, the best way of dealing with this is to simply wait several days for the water you've added to \\\"drift\\\" down gradient. For sites with typical groundwater velocities (0.5 to 2 feet per day), the water added during drilling and\/or well construction will have drifted away from the CMT intake ports in several days. If the water added during drilling has a different electrical conductivity (EC) than the formation water, you can monitor the EC in water pumped from the well to confirm that the drill water is gone. Some consultants have added potassium bromide (an inert tracer commonly used in groundwater research) as a tracer to the drill\/construction water and then monitored the purge water in the CMT well with a bromide-specific electrode to verify that the drill water is no longer in the vicinity of the CMT well prior to collecting samples. 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O sistema foi projetado para ser instalado em um comprimento cont\u00ednuo, eliminando assim a possibilidade de vazamento nas juntas. <\/div>\n\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"dsm_faq_child_1 dsm-faq-item-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dsm-title-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t <div class=\"dsm-title-inner-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t   <div class=\"dsm_open_icon\"><span>K<\/span><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t   <div class=\"dsm_close_icon\"><span>L<\/span><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t   \n\t\t\t\t   \n\t\t\t\t   <h3 class=\"dsm-faq-title\">&#8221;Os<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t <\/div> \n\t\t\t\t <div class=\"dsm-faq-item-inner-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t   \n\t\t\t\t   \n\t\t\t\t   \n\t\t\t\t   \n\t\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"dsm-faq-content\">&#8221;Com<\/div>\n\t\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":16566,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"folder":[133],"class_list":["post-16251","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.2 (Yoast SEO v27.2) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Perguntas frequentes sobre o sistema multin\u00edvel CMT: Perguntas mais frequentes<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Perguntas frequentes sobre o sistema multin\u00edvel CMT: Perguntas frequentes. 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